Engines, APU

Question 0

Describe the Engine Abnormal Start Protection (ground starts only).

(3)

Answer 0

During ground starts, the EEC monitors engine parameters to detect impending hot starts, EGT start limit exceedances, and wet starts. These protection features do not function during inflight starts.

• If an impending hot start is detected by a rapid rise in EGT or EGT approaching the start limit, the white box surrounding the EGT digital readout flashes. The EEC software automatically turns off the ignition and shuts off the fuel to the engine for an impending hot start.
• If the EGT exceeds the starting limit, the EGT display, both box and dial, turn red. The EEC automatically turns off the ignition and shuts off fuel to the engine.
• A wet start occurs if the EGT does not rise after the start lever is moved to IDLE. If a wet start is detected, the EEC turns off the ignition and shuts off fuel to the engine 15 seconds after the start lever is moved to IDLE.

Question 1

Explain what is indicated by a REV indication above the N1 indicator.

AMBER
GREEN

Answer 1

(Amber) - Thrust reverser moved from stowed position.

(Green) – Thrust reverser is deployed.

Question 2

Explain what is indicated by an amber REVERSER light on the aft overhead panel.

10 seconds
Greater than 12 seconds

Answer 2

The REVERSER light, located on the aft overhead panel, illuminates when the thrust reverser is commanded to stow and extinguishes 10 seconds later when the isolation valve closes. Any time the REVERSER light illuminates for more than approximately 12 seconds, a malfunction has occurred and the MASTER CAUTION and ENG system annunciator lights illuminate.

Question 3

Explain the meaning of the amber APU LOW OIL PRESSURE light.

Answer 3

Oil pressure is low causing an automatic shutdown (after start cycle is complete).

Question 4

Explain the meaning of the blue APU Maintenance (MAINT) light.

Answer 4

APU maintenance problem exists.

Question 5

Explain the meaning of the amber APU FAULT light.

Answer 5

A malfunction exists causing APU to initiate an automatic shutdown.

Question 6

Explain the meaning of the amber APU OVERSPEED light.

2

Answer 6

• APU RPM limit has been exceeded resulting in an automatic shutdown.
• Overspeed shutdown protection feature has failed a self-test during a normal APU shutdown.

Question 7

Recall the function of the Electronic Engine Control (EEC) switches.

ON
ALT

Answer 7

• ON (in view - white) indicates normal control mode is selected.
• ALTN (illuminated- amber) indicated EEC has automatically switched to alternate control mode or it has been selected manually.

Note: Both ON and ALTN may be in view if EEC has automatically switched to soft alternate mode. EGT limits must be observed in all control modes.

Question 8

Explain the meaning and location of an amber ENG FAIL alert.

Answer 8

Displayed on the EGT indicator. Engine operating below sustainable idle (less than 50% N2); and Engine start lever in IDLE position.

Question 9

Explain the meaning of a framed red box around the N1, N2 or EGT indicators.

Answer 9

• On ground, after both engines shutdown, red box indicates an exceedance has occurred.

Question 10

Describe when the engine start lever should be placed to IDLE during a normal engine start.

Answer 10

• Position engine start lever to IDLE detent when N2 rpm reaches maximum motoring (25% minimum) and N1 rotation observed.

Question 11

Recall when the ENGINE START switch should automatically move to OFF during an engine start.

Answer 11

-56% N2 RPM.

Question 12

Recall the conditions that will cause the APU to auto shutdown.

(4)

Answer 12

• APU Fire.
• APU LOW OIL PRESSURE.
• APU OVER SPEED.
• APU FAULT.

Question 13

Recall when the APU is ready to accept a bleed air or electrical load.

Answer 13

The blue APU GEN OFF BUS light illuminates when the APU is ready to accept a bleed air or electrical load. Operate the APU for one full minute before using it as a bleed source. This one minute stabilization is recommended to extend the service life of the APU.

Question 14

Describe the function of the N1 SET Knobs.

AUTO
BOTH
1
2

Answer 14

N1 SET Outer Knob –

AUTO –

• both reference N1 bugs set by FMC, based on N1 limit page and takeoff reference page
• displays reference N1 bugs at active N1 limit for A/T.

BOTH –

• both reference N1 bugs and readouts manually set by turning the SET inner knob
• has no effect on A/T operation.

1 or 2 –

• respective N1 reference bug and readout manually set by turning N1 SET inner knob
• has no effect on A/T operation.

N1 SET Inner Knob (spring-loaded to center), Rotate –

• positions reference N1 bug(s) and readouts when N1 SET outer knob is set to BOTH, 1, or 2.