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Exercise Phys > Energy Systems > Flashcards

Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

How much ATP is stored in the body

A

80 - 100 grams

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2
Q

What are the 3 systems utilized during exercise

A
  1. Creatine phosphate system
  2. Lactic acid (glycolytic system)
  3. Oxidative phosphorylation (aerobic system)
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3
Q

True or False:

We isolate these systems when using them

A

FALSE

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4
Q

True or False:

These systems interact

A

TRUE

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5
Q

Equation for creatine phosphate system

A

PCr+ADP Cr+ATP

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6
Q

True or False:

Creatine phosphate system provides immediate energy

A

True

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7
Q

When is creatine phosphate system the main source of energy

A

Extremely intense movements/exercise

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8
Q

When is creatine phosphate system no longer the primary source of energy

A

about 10 seconds

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9
Q

How long does creatine phosphate system last

A

20-30 seconds

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10
Q

True or False:

Muscle cells have more stored ATP than PCr

A

False

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11
Q

Once PCr is used to create ATP what happens

A

The remaining creatine in the cytosol is “shuttled” into the mitochondria where it picks up a Pi to make PCr

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12
Q

Cr gaining a Pi requires what type of process

A

An oxidative process

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13
Q

True or False:

Cr has to pick up a Pi in the mitochondria

A

True

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14
Q

What is another name for the lactic acid system

A

Anaerobic system

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15
Q

How is energy supplied in the lactic acid system

A

By glucose or stored glycogen in the muscles

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16
Q

How long is this the main source of energy for

A

30 - 180 seconds

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17
Q

True or False:

Glycogen within the muscle is used after glucose outside of the muscle in the lactic acid system

A

False

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18
Q

Glycolysis is the

A

Dissolution of sugar

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19
Q

How many steps are in the glycolysis process

A

10

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20
Q

What percentage of energy does glycolysis yield from on glucose

A

About 5% or Net 2-3 ATP

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21
Q

How many net ATP are gained from the lactic acid system when glucose outside the muscle is used

A

2

22
Q

How many net ATP are gained from the lactic acid system when stored glycogen is used

A

3

23
Q

What is the rate limiting step for the lactic acid system

A

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

24
Q

What eventually forms pyruvate

A

Fructose 1,6-diphosphate

25
Q

What happens when fructose 1,6-diphosphate runs low

A

You can’t make pyruvate

26
Q

True or False:

Lots of O2 is good for glycolysis

A

False

27
Q

Is lactate bad for the body

A

No, it is used by the heart

28
Q

Who has a longer lactate threshold untrained people or trained people

A

Trained people

29
Q

What is the lactate threshold

A

When lactate particles can be found in the blood

30
Q

What does excess hydrogen ions link up with

A

Pyruvate

31
Q

Why do muscles burn during exercise

A

The build up of lactic acid lowers the bodies pH, but eventually the levels return to normal while resting

32
Q

Which system is the primary means of energy production at rest

A

Aerobic system

33
Q

What is the RQ at rest

A

0.75-0.82

34
Q

True or False:

Oxygen consumption does not rise exponentially during the first few minutes of exercise before it plateaus

A

False

35
Q

What is the non steady state also called

A

O2 deficit

36
Q

What reflects a balance between energy required by the working muscles and ATP production in aerobic metabolism

A

Steady state

37
Q

True or False:

No appreciable blood lactate accumulates under steady rate metabolic conditions

A

True

38
Q

What is the point where the oxygen level meets the activity level

A

Steady state

39
Q

What is O2 debt

A

The amount of oxygen that needs to be made up from the O2 deficit

40
Q

How does oxidative phosphorylation occur

A

ATP is synthesized by transferring electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen

41
Q

What percentage of ATP synthesis occurs during the Kreb’s cycle and ETC

A

90%

42
Q

What is the net ATP production of oxidative phosphorylation

A

30-38 so 32

43
Q

What is the Kreb’s cycle

A

The process of extracting energy from pyruvate

44
Q

What does pyruvate convert to

A

Acetyl CoA

45
Q

What does acetyl CoA join with

A

Oxaloacetate

46
Q

What does acetyl CoA and oxoloacetate produce

A

Citrate

47
Q

How many times does citrate go through the Kreb’s cycle

A

2

48
Q

How many steps are in the ETC

A

187

49
Q

True or False:

The majority of ATP is generated by the large amount of hydrogen created and oxidized

A

True

50
Q

How many ATP does one glucose make in oxidative phosphorylation

A

32 net

51
Q

What causes the energy systems to start

A

Small changes in ADP concentration

Exercise Phys (8 decks)

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