Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Exercise Phys > Energy Release From Macronutrients > Flashcards

Energy Release From Macronutrients Flashcards

(81 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What regulates energy metabolism

A

ADP levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 3 sources of energy

A
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Fats
  3. Proteins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What system do fast twitch fibers us

A

Glycolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What system do slow twitch fibers us

A

Krebs+ETC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False:

The brain doesn’t supply energy, but just uses it

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the primary function of carbohydrates

A

To supply energy for cellular work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many kCals of energy does the breakdown of one molecule of glucose yield

A

686kCals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many grams of carbohydrates should a sedentary 70kg person consume per day and the percent of total calories

A

300g or 40-50% total calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many grams of carbohydrates should a physically active person consume per day and the percent of total calories

A

400-600g or 60% total calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many grams of carbohydrates should an athlete consume per day and the percent of total calories

A

8-10g per kg of body mass or 70% total calories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

True or False;

PTs should address nutrition

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When are carbohydrates used

A

During intense activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How much does 1 hour of high intensity exercise decrease liver glycogen

A

55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much does 2 hours of high intensity exercise decrease liver and muscle glycogen

A

It almost depletes it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When doing moderate and prolonged exercise what is the main source of energy

A

Fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or False:

Glucose inhibits mobilization of fatty acids

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False:

People who carbo load have higher levels of plasma glucose during exercise than those who fast

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False:

People who carbo load have higher levels of serum fatty acids during exercise than those who fast

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or False:

People who carbo load do not sustain high intensity exercise as well as people who fast

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many ATP molecules does complete oxidation of one triacylglyceride molecule produce

A

460

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How are triacylglycerids broken down

A

Beta oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

True or False:

Stored fat is the most plentiful source of PE

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

True or False:

Fat becomes the primary fuel for exercise and recovery when glycogen is depleted

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How much energy do fats supply

A

30-80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is one triacylglyceride broken down into
Glycerol and 3 fatty acids
26
How is glycerol broken down
By the glycolysis system and then Kreb's cycle
27
Where do the 3 fatty acids go to be broken down
Beta oxidation
28
What does beta oxidation convert the 3 fatty acids into
Acetyl CoA
29
Where does acetyl CoA go after beta oxidation
Kreb's cycle
30
What is another name for the Kreb's cycle
Citric acid cycle
31
How many ATP do you get from the 3 fatty acids
441
32
How many ATP do you get from the breakdown of glycerol
19
33
What is the daily recommended lipid intake
20% of total calories
34
What percent of total calories do lipids make up in most American diets
30-35%
35
What is RQ
Respiratory quotient
36
True or False: | You burn more fats at rest than carbs
True
37
What happens to the RQ as you burn more carbs
It declines
38
what does a RQ of 1 mean
You are burning mainly carbs
39
What does a RQ of .7 or less mean
You are burning mainly fats
40
True or False: | Working hard does not lead to more energy consumption
False
41
Where does the energy come from during light to moderate exercise
Fatty acids
42
Where does the energy come from during moderate exercise
Equal amounts of carbs and lipids
43
Where does the energy come from during high intensity exercise
Carbs primarily muscle glycogen
44
What are proteins used for
Rebuilding muscle
45
What are the building blocks of proteins
Amino acids
46
What are essential proteins
Proteins that can't be synthesized by the body that need to be consumed in the diet
47
What are unessential proteins
Proteins that can be synthesized by the body that don't need to be consumed in the diet
48
True or False: | Proteins aren't typically used as a source of energy
True
49
When do proteins get used for energy
Marathons
50
How are proteins broken down for energy (2)
1. The amine group is removed | 2. The carbon skeleton enters the metabolic pathway to produce ATP aerobically
51
True or False: | The breakdown of proteins results in water loss
True
52
What serve as the intermediates for glucose synthesis via gluconeogensis
Glucogenic amino acids
53
What serves as the intermediates acetyl CoA or acetoacetate
Ketogenic amino acids
54
What are examples of complete proteins
Eggs, milk, fish, poultry
55
What are examples of incomplete proteins
Vegetables, dry beans, nuts, cereals
56
What is a complete protein
Contains an adequate amount of the 9 essential amino acids
57
What is an incomplete protein
Lacking or low in one or more of the essential 9 amino acids
58
What is the daily recommended amount of protein intake
0.83 g per kg of body mass
59
How much protein should athletes consume
1.4-1.7g of protein per kg of body mass
60
True or False: | Excessive protein intake can potentially harm liver and kidney function
True
61
True or False: | Athletes often do not need to supplement protein due to an already high percentage of protein in their diet
True
62
What is the FDA recommended intake of kCal for a 65kg woman and 70kg man
Woman: 2000 kCal Man: 3000 kCal
63
What is the actual intake of calories to maintain body weight and healthy body function
Woman: 1000 kCal Man: 1500 kCal
64
True or False: | It is healthy to operate at the minimum amount of energy intake
False
65
True or False: | If you operate at an overload of energy intake it is stored as extra energy
True
66
What represents the most important factor that impacts daily energy expenditure
Physical activity
67
How much of the US population does not get the recommended hour of exercise
50%
68
True or False: | Physically active people tend to consume more calories than a sedentary people
True
69
True or False: | Physically active people maintain a heavier and denser body than sedentary people
False
70
True or False: | Physically active people have a higher risk of heart disease compared to sedentary individuals
False
71
How does a pre-exercise meal consisting of simple sugars affect endurance performance
Negatively
72
What does a pre exercise meal of simple sugars negatively affect endurance performance
Causes a rapid rise in blood glucose which triggers an overshoot of insulin, which facilitates the influx of glucose into muscle
73
What does insulin do to negatively impact endurance performance
Disproportionately increases glycogen breakdown and inhibits lipolysis
74
What does inhibiting lipolysis do
Reduces the availability of energy
75
What is the recommend meal for a pre workout
Carbs 2 hours before exercise
76
If you are going to work out for less than an hour what is good for pre exercise meal
WATER works this long
77
What is a good post exercise meal
Carbohydrate rich and high glycemic foods
78
What does a carb rich meal do immediately after exercise do
Speeds glycogen replenishment
79
How long does it take to replenish glycogen
20 hours
80
What is the glycemic index
How fast things are absorbed by the intestines and released into the blood
81
Which is faster high glycemic index or low glycemic index
High

Exercise Phys (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions