Energy Systems Flashcards
Gluecose:
Stored as?
Stored in?
Food Types?
Stored as: Gluecose, Glycogen
Stored in: Blood, Liver, Muscle
Food Types: Pasta, Bread, Rice
Fat:
Stored as?
Stored in?
Food types?
Stored as: Fatty Acids, Tryglycerides, Adipose Tissue
Stored in: Blood, muscle, Around body
Food types: Meats, Dairy, Fatty foods
Protein:
Stored as?
Stored in?
Food types?
Stored as: Muscle, Amino Acids
Stored in: Around body
Food types: Meat, Eggs, Protein Bars and Shakes
Function of Glucose
Broken down and stored in the blood
Function of Glycogen
Breaks down glucose and is stored in muscle and liver
Function of the Pancreas
Secretes insulin which helps regulate blood sugar levels allowing uptake from blood to muscle
Function of Fats
Protect organs, maintain body temperature, produce hormones and stores energy for the body
Function of Protein
Growth and repair tissues, building blocks of the body. Can also be used as a fuel source (not preferable)
What does ATP stand for?
What does ADP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
&
Adenosine Diphosphate
What’s the difference between ATP and ADP?
ATP has one more phosphate group than ADP.
What are the three energy systems that make up ATP, and which require oxygen?
ATP-PC System - No oxygen required
Anaerobic Glycolysis System - No oxygen required
Aerobic Glycolysis System - Oxygen required
What is Glycolysis?
Breakdown of glycogen
Characteristics of ATP
- Easiest to breakdown
- Stored in muscle
- Runs out after 10 secs
- High intensity activity
- 3 mins to replenish
Where does the energy come from in the Anaerobic Glycolysis System?
Energy comes from breaking down glycogen
What are the bi products of the Anaerobic Glycolysis System?
Lactic Acid
What are the bi products of the Aerobic Glycolysis System?
Water and Carbon Dioxide
What happens when you begin to fatigue (Anaerobic Glycolysis System)?
- Muscle becomes more acidic with build up of hydrogen ions
- Can’t contract as efficiently
- Acid prevents glycogen breakdown
When does the Anaerobic Glycolysis system peak, how long does it last at high intensity?
- It peaks at 5-15 seconds
- Lasts 75 seconds of high intensity
How does the Aerobic Glycolysis System break down glycogen?
It breaks down all glycogen with oxygen
After how long until it is the major energy system?
After 75 seconds
Where do aerobic reactions occur?
In the mitochondria of the cell
Characteristics of the Aerobic Glycolysis system
- Longer to break down
- Slower to produce energy
- Produces most energy
Which muscle fibres suit the ATP-PC system and why?
Fast Twitch Fibres which contract quickly and powerfully
What muscle fibres suit the Aerobic Glycolysis System and why?
Slow Twitch Fibres which help enable decrease intensity and increase endurance movements
