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P.E > Energy Systems > Flashcards

Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Gluecose:
Stored as?
Stored in?
Food Types?

A

Stored as: Gluecose, Glycogen
Stored in: Blood, Liver, Muscle
Food Types: Pasta, Bread, Rice

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2
Q

Fat:
Stored as?
Stored in?
Food types?

A

Stored as: Fatty Acids, Tryglycerides, Adipose Tissue
Stored in: Blood, muscle, Around body
Food types: Meats, Dairy, Fatty foods

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3
Q

Protein:
Stored as?
Stored in?
Food types?

A

Stored as: Muscle, Amino Acids
Stored in: Around body
Food types: Meat, Eggs, Protein Bars and Shakes

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4
Q

Function of Glucose

A

Broken down and stored in the blood

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5
Q

Function of Glycogen

A

Breaks down glucose and is stored in muscle and liver

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6
Q

Function of the Pancreas

A

Secretes insulin which helps regulate blood sugar levels allowing uptake from blood to muscle

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7
Q

Function of Fats

A

Protect organs, maintain body temperature, produce hormones and stores energy for the body

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8
Q

Function of Protein

A

Growth and repair tissues, building blocks of the body. Can also be used as a fuel source (not preferable)

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9
Q

What does ATP stand for?

What does ADP stand for?

A

Adenosine Triphosphate
&
Adenosine Diphosphate

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10
Q

What’s the difference between ATP and ADP?

A

ATP has one more phosphate group than ADP.

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11
Q

What are the three energy systems that make up ATP, and which require oxygen?

A

ATP-PC System - No oxygen required
Anaerobic Glycolysis System - No oxygen required
Aerobic Glycolysis System - Oxygen required

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12
Q

What is Glycolysis?

A

Breakdown of glycogen

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13
Q

Characteristics of ATP

A
  • Easiest to breakdown
  • Stored in muscle
  • Runs out after 10 secs
  • High intensity activity
  • 3 mins to replenish
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14
Q

Where does the energy come from in the Anaerobic Glycolysis System?

A

Energy comes from breaking down glycogen

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15
Q

What are the bi products of the Anaerobic Glycolysis System?

A

Lactic Acid

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16
Q

What are the bi products of the Aerobic Glycolysis System?

A

Water and Carbon Dioxide

17
Q

What happens when you begin to fatigue (Anaerobic Glycolysis System)?

A
  • Muscle becomes more acidic with build up of hydrogen ions
  • Can’t contract as efficiently
  • Acid prevents glycogen breakdown
18
Q

When does the Anaerobic Glycolysis system peak, how long does it last at high intensity?

A
  • It peaks at 5-15 seconds

- Lasts 75 seconds of high intensity

19
Q

How does the Aerobic Glycolysis System break down glycogen?

A

It breaks down all glycogen with oxygen

20
Q

After how long until it is the major energy system?

A

After 75 seconds

21
Q

Where do aerobic reactions occur?

A

In the mitochondria of the cell

22
Q

Characteristics of the Aerobic Glycolysis system

A
  • Longer to break down
  • Slower to produce energy
  • Produces most energy
23
Q

Which muscle fibres suit the ATP-PC system and why?

A

Fast Twitch Fibres which contract quickly and powerfully

24
Q

What muscle fibres suit the Aerobic Glycolysis System and why?

A

Slow Twitch Fibres which help enable decrease intensity and increase endurance movements

25
Q

Function of enzymes

A

Speed up reactions

26
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

Perform cellular respiration to produce energy

27
Q

Function of capillaries

A

The sites of the transfer of oxygen and other nutrients from the bloodstream to other tissues in the body

28
Q

Define Lactate Inflation Point (L.I.P)

A

Point where more hydrogen ions are produced than can be removed

29
Q

What are tryglycerides? What are they broken down into?

A
  • Fats or lipids found in fat cells or adipose tissue

- They are broken down into fatty acids

30
Q

When would a marathon runner possibly rely on fat as a fuel?

A

When all glycogen stores have been depleted. Also known as they’ve “Hit The Wall”

31
Q

How does ATP resynthesise?

A

ATP breaks down to ADP, then the PC (Phospho-Creatine) is broken down to form ATP once again

32
Q

What is the Glycemic index of foods?

A

A ranking of food based on the food’s immediate effect on blood glucose

33
Q

What’s the primary source of energy?

A

Food

P.E (6 decks)

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