Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Question 1

Components of blood and their function:

Answer 1

Red blood cells - Carry oxygen
White blood cells - Fight infection
Platelets - Clot blood
Plasma - Liquid carrier

Question 2

Identify the 5 blood Vessels:

Answer 2

• Arteries
• Veins
• Arterioles
• Capillaries
• Venules

Question 3

Function of respiratory system:

Answer 3

To deliver oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide.

Question 4

What is the process of inspiration?

Answer 4

To breathe in we open up space for the lungs to expand. The diaphragm moves down and the ribs move out. Air pressure in the lungs is reduced to allow air to go in from the high pressure air outside.

Question 5

Explain the process of expiration:

Answer 5

To breathe out we reduce the space in the lungs so the pressure is higher and the air moves to less pressure outside. The ribs move in and the diaphragm returns upwards toward the lung.

Question 6

Tidal Volume

Answer 6

Litres of air per breath

Question 7

Respiratory rate

Answer 7

Breaths per minute

Question 8

Minute ventilation

Answer 8

Litres of air per minute

Question 9

Describe ‘steady state’

Answer 9

When supply of oxygen = the demand of muscles for the oxygen.

Question 10

Function of capillary

Answer 10

Exchange of gases through cells and air sacs

Question 11

Where does pulmonary diffusion take place?

Answer 11

Alveoli

Question 12

What is pulmonary diffusion?

Answer 12

When oxygen from the alveoli move into the capillary and the capillary gives back Carbon dioxide to the alveoli so it can be expelled.

Question 13

Define aVo2 difference

Answer 13

Difference in oxygen concentration of the arteries compared to the veins.

Question 14

Haemoglobin

Answer 14

A red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood

Question 15

Functions of Blood:

Answer 15

• Transport oxygen
• Regulate temperature
• Fight infection
• Remove CO2
• Transport other nutrients