Energy Systems

Question 1

What are macronutrients?

Answer 1

A type of food necessary in large quantities in the diet to support function and energy production (carbohudrates, protein, fat.)

Question 2

What are fatty acids?

Answer 2

The smaller absorbable building blocks of the fat that is found in body.

Question 3

What is glycosis?

Answer 3

The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

Question 4

What is glycogen?

Answer 4

The stored form of glucose found in muscle tissue and the liver.

Question 5

What is mitochondria?

Answer 5

Known as the powerhouse of the cell. An organelle with a double membrane andany folds inside responsible for generating the chemical energy needed for biochemical reactions.

Question 6

What are carbohydrates?

Answer 6

One of the main sources of energy for the body and are broken down into glucose or stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles for future use. Whatever is not used or stored as glycogen gets concerted to triglycerides (3 fatty acids combined with glycerol) and stored as fat.

Question 7

What is respiratory quotient (RQ)?

Answer 7

Is a calculation that estimates which macronutrientis predominantly being used for fuel at a point in time.

RQ = volume CO2 exhaled / volume of O2 inhaled.

Carb 1.0
Fat .7
Protein .8

Question 8

What is adenosine triphosphate (ADT)?

Answer 8

An energy carrying molecule used to fuel body processes.

Question 9

What are energy pathways?

Answer 9

The chemical reaction pathways that supply the body with energy on a cellular level.

Question 10

What are the three energy pathways?

Answer 10

• ATP/creatine phosphate system (ATP/CP)
• anaerobic glycosis
• oxidative