The Skeletal System Flashcards
How many bones are in the body?
206
How many parts is the skeleton divided into?
Two parts
Axial skeleton: the bones of the head, trunk, and vertebrae (80 bones)
Appendicular skeleton: the bones of the shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle, and limbs. (126 bones)
What is a long bone?
They support body weight and facilitate movement.
Example:
Lower extremity - femur (thigh bone), tibia, fibula, metatarsals, phalanges
Upper extremity - humerus, radius, ulna, metacarpals, phalanges.
What is a sesamoid bone?
Small and round bones found in joints and within tendons that reinforce and protect tendons from stress and wear and tear.
Example: patella (knee cap),
What is an irregular bone?
Complex and irregular shape: Protect vital organs.
Example: vertebrae, pelvis, pubis, illium, ischium.
What is a short bone?
Cube shaped and provide stability and a limited amount of movement.
Example:
Wrist - carpals
Ankles/feet - tarsals
What is cartilage?
Firm, flexible connective tissue that pads and protects joints and structural components of the body.
What is Wolff’s Law?
The explanation for bone adaptations as a result of loads placed on them. Strength training helps build stronger bones.
What is a ligament?
Short bands of tough but flexible fibrous connective tissue connecting two bones or cartilages or holding together a joint.
What is knee valgus?
An abnormal joint movement toward the midline of the body (knock kneed)
What is knee varus?
An abnormal joint movement away from the midline of the body (bowlegged)
What is knee varus?
An abnormal joint movement away from the midline of the body (bowlegged)
What is a flat bone?
Somewhat flat and thin (can be curved) that protects organs and provide a large surface area for muscles to attach.
Example: skull, nasal, sternum, ribs, clavicle, scapula
