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Anatomy And Physiology > Energy Systems > Flashcards

Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What does the ATP/PC system consist of

A

PC —> P + C + energy
Energy + ADP + P —-> ATP

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2
Q

How long does the ATP created by the ATP/PC System last

A

Up to 10s

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3
Q

What enzyme is used in the ATP/PC system

A

Creatine kinase

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4
Q

What type of activity is the ATP/PC used for

A

High intensity, short duration

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5
Q

What does the lactic acid system formula

A

Glucose —–> 2ATP + Pyrivic acid

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6
Q

Why does Pyruvic acid turn into lactic acid

A

Due to the lack of 02

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7
Q

What enzyme breaks down glucose to ATP

A

Glycogen Phosphorylase (GPP)

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8
Q

What type of activity is the Lactic acid energy system suited for

A

Prolonged high intensity (eg 200m)

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9
Q

How long does the ATP created by the lactic acid energy system last

A

Up to 2minutes

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10
Q

What are the three stages of the Aerobic energy system

A

Glycosis
Kreb Cycle
Electron transport

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11
Q

Describe glycosis

A

Glucose broken down into pyruvic acid
Takes place in sarcoplasm

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12
Q

Describe the Krebs cycle

A

chemical reactions that take place using oxygen in the matrix of the mitochondrion

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13
Q

Describe the electron transport phase

A

series of chemical reactions in the mitochondria where hydrogen is oxidised to water and 34 ATP are produced

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14
Q

What is the formula for the breakdown of ATP

A

ATP —-> ADP + P + energy

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15
Q

What enzyme is used to break down ATP

A

ATPase

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16
Q

What are the fuels of the aerobic energy system

A

Glucose, fats , proteins

17
Q

Name 2 advantages of ATP / PC system

A

Pc can be stored
Doesn’t require oxygen
Can be resythesised quickly

18
Q

Name 2 disadvantages of the ATP/PC system

A

Only lasts 2-3 seconds
Lowest yield of energy

19
Q

Name 2 advantages of the lactic acid system

A

Can last up to 2 minutes
Glycogen can be stored

20
Q

Name two disavatges of the lactic acid system

A

Produces lactic acid
Low yield of atp

21
Q

Identify the processes that occur during the rapid component of excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).

A

takes 2-3mins and uses around 4L of Oxygen

Elevated respiration rates help
resynthesize the muscles store of ATP and
PC

Myoglobin Oxygen stores are also
replenished

The energy for these reactions is made available by the aerobic energy
system breaking down fats and
carbohydrates

takes 30 seconds to replenish 50% of PC
stores 75% in 60 seconds. 100% in 3 minutes

22
Q

Identify the processes that occur during the slow component of excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).

A

Lactic Acid accumulated during exercise must be removed
The process takes approx an hour And
requires 5-8 Litres of 02
Lactic Acid is converted back to Pyruvic Acid
It is broken down into Carbon Dioxide Water
& Energy
Over 60% of lactic acid is used as metabolic
fuel to support functions such as
thermoregulation and allows Cardiac Output
to remain high

Remaining LA taken to the liver to be.
resynthesized as Glycogen, wailst small
amounts converted into Protein or removed
in urine and swe

23
Q

Two netballers were arguing about the positioning of netball on the energy continuum.
Discuss the suggestion from their teacher that there are many factors to consider and that they may both be correct.

A

position on court
standard of game
tactics employed
motivation

24
Q

Oxygen availability and fuel availability affect ATP resynthesis.
Describe how these factors determine which energy system is used.

A

If oxygen is available then the aerobic system will be pre dominant
If no oxygen available then the anaerobic systems will be predominant If an activity has a duration so very short duration / up to 10 secs then oxygen unavailable, not enough time to transport oxygen

If there are (sufficient) PC stores then the ATP / PC energy will be predominant for
(very) high intensity / short duration exercise
seconds)
PC stores deplete quickly during very high intensity exercise predominant energy system for longer than 10 seconds.
If glycogen or carbohydrate / glucose is present then the aerobic system will be the predominant system or if the exercise.

25
Q

Explain the principle of a coupled reaction

A

To use a product of one reaction in a second reaction

26
Q

Describe the predominant energy system used by a long jumper

A

Long jump is a short duration, high intensity excercise, therefore the ATP/PC system will be dominant
Pc is broken down by creatine kinase in an exothermic reaction The energy is used to resynthesise ADP in another reaction

27
Q

Explain the role of ATP in the body

A

Atp is the only usable store of energy
Lasts 2-3 minutes
Formula : ATP —> ADP + PC + Energy
Exothermic
When atp runs out other energy systems used

Anatomy And Physiology (13 decks)

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