Energy Systems

Question 1

What does the ATP/PC system consist of

Answer 1

PC —> P + C + energy
Energy + ADP + P —-> ATP

Question 2

How long does the ATP created by the ATP/PC System last

Answer 2

Up to 10s

Question 3

What enzyme is used in the ATP/PC system

Answer 3

Creatine kinase

Question 4

What type of activity is the ATP/PC used for

Answer 4

High intensity, short duration

Question 5

What does the lactic acid system formula

Answer 5

Glucose —–> 2ATP + Pyrivic acid

Question 6

Why does Pyruvic acid turn into lactic acid

Answer 6

Due to the lack of 02

Question 7

What enzyme breaks down glucose to ATP

Answer 7

Glycogen Phosphorylase (GPP)

Question 8

What type of activity is the Lactic acid energy system suited for

Answer 8

Prolonged high intensity (eg 200m)

Question 9

How long does the ATP created by the lactic acid energy system last

Answer 9

Up to 2minutes

Question 10

What are the three stages of the Aerobic energy system

Answer 10

Glycosis
Kreb Cycle
Electron transport

Question 11

Describe glycosis

Answer 11

Glucose broken down into pyruvic acid
Takes place in sarcoplasm

Question 12

Describe the Krebs cycle

Answer 12

chemical reactions that take place using oxygen in the matrix of the mitochondrion

Question 13

Describe the electron transport phase

Answer 13

series of chemical reactions in the mitochondria where hydrogen is oxidised to water and 34 ATP are produced

Question 14

What is the formula for the breakdown of ATP

Answer 14

ATP —-> ADP + P + energy

Question 15

What enzyme is used to break down ATP

Answer 15

ATPase

Question 16

What are the fuels of the aerobic energy system

Answer 16

Glucose, fats , proteins

Question 17

Name 2 advantages of ATP / PC system

Answer 17

Pc can be stored
Doesn’t require oxygen
Can be resythesised quickly

Question 18

Name 2 disadvantages of the ATP/PC system

Answer 18

Only lasts 2-3 seconds
Lowest yield of energy

Question 19

Name 2 advantages of the lactic acid system

Answer 19

Can last up to 2 minutes
Glycogen can be stored

Question 20

Name two disavatges of the lactic acid system

Answer 20

Produces lactic acid
Low yield of atp

Question 21

Identify the processes that occur during the rapid component of excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).

Answer 21

takes 2-3mins and uses around 4L of Oxygen

Elevated respiration rates help
resynthesize the muscles store of ATP and
PC

Myoglobin Oxygen stores are also
replenished

The energy for these reactions is made available by the aerobic energy
system breaking down fats and
carbohydrates

takes 30 seconds to replenish 50% of PC
stores 75% in 60 seconds. 100% in 3 minutes

Question 22

Identify the processes that occur during the slow component of excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).

Answer 22

Lactic Acid accumulated during exercise must be removed
The process takes approx an hour And
requires 5-8 Litres of 02
Lactic Acid is converted back to Pyruvic Acid
It is broken down into Carbon Dioxide Water
& Energy
Over 60% of lactic acid is used as metabolic
fuel to support functions such as
thermoregulation and allows Cardiac Output
to remain high

Remaining LA taken to the liver to be.
resynthesized as Glycogen, wailst small
amounts converted into Protein or removed
in urine and swe

Question 23

Two netballers were arguing about the positioning of netball on the energy continuum.
Discuss the suggestion from their teacher that there are many factors to consider and that they may both be correct.

Answer 23

position on court
standard of game
tactics employed
motivation

Question 24

Oxygen availability and fuel availability affect ATP resynthesis.
Describe how these factors determine which energy system is used.

Answer 24

If oxygen is available then the aerobic system will be pre dominant
If no oxygen available then the anaerobic systems will be predominant If an activity has a duration so very short duration / up to 10 secs then oxygen unavailable, not enough time to transport oxygen

If there are (sufficient) PC stores then the ATP / PC energy will be predominant for
(very) high intensity / short duration exercise
seconds)
PC stores deplete quickly during very high intensity exercise predominant energy system for longer than 10 seconds.
If glycogen or carbohydrate / glucose is present then the aerobic system will be the predominant system or if the exercise.