Energy Systems Flashcards
What does the ATP/PC system consist of
PC —> P + C + energy
Energy + ADP + P —-> ATP
How long does the ATP created by the ATP/PC System last
Up to 10s
What enzyme is used in the ATP/PC system
Creatine kinase
What type of activity is the ATP/PC used for
High intensity, short duration
What does the lactic acid system formula
Glucose —–> 2ATP + Pyrivic acid
Why does Pyruvic acid turn into lactic acid
Due to the lack of 02
What enzyme breaks down glucose to ATP
Glycogen Phosphorylase (GPP)
What type of activity is the Lactic acid energy system suited for
Prolonged high intensity (eg 200m)
How long does the ATP created by the lactic acid energy system last
Up to 2minutes
What are the three stages of the Aerobic energy system
Glycosis
Kreb Cycle
Electron transport
Describe glycosis
Glucose broken down into pyruvic acid
Takes place in sarcoplasm
Describe the Krebs cycle
chemical reactions that take place using oxygen in the matrix of the mitochondrion
Describe the electron transport phase
series of chemical reactions in the mitochondria where hydrogen is oxidised to water and 34 ATP are produced
What is the formula for the breakdown of ATP
ATP —-> ADP + P + energy
What enzyme is used to break down ATP
ATPase
What are the fuels of the aerobic energy system
Glucose, fats , proteins
Name 2 advantages of ATP / PC system
Pc can be stored
Doesn’t require oxygen
Can be resythesised quickly
Name 2 disadvantages of the ATP/PC system
Only lasts 2-3 seconds
Lowest yield of energy
Name 2 advantages of the lactic acid system
Can last up to 2 minutes
Glycogen can be stored
Name two disavatges of the lactic acid system
Produces lactic acid
Low yield of atp
Identify the processes that occur during the rapid component of excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).
takes 2-3mins and uses around 4L of Oxygen
Elevated respiration rates help
resynthesize the muscles store of ATP and
PC
Myoglobin Oxygen stores are also
replenished
The energy for these reactions is made available by the aerobic energy
system breaking down fats and
carbohydrates
takes 30 seconds to replenish 50% of PC
stores 75% in 60 seconds. 100% in 3 minutes
Identify the processes that occur during the slow component of excess post exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC).
Lactic Acid accumulated during exercise must be removed
The process takes approx an hour And
requires 5-8 Litres of 02
Lactic Acid is converted back to Pyruvic Acid
It is broken down into Carbon Dioxide Water
& Energy
Over 60% of lactic acid is used as metabolic
fuel to support functions such as
thermoregulation and allows Cardiac Output
to remain high
Remaining LA taken to the liver to be.
resynthesized as Glycogen, wailst small
amounts converted into Protein or removed
in urine and swe
Two netballers were arguing about the positioning of netball on the energy continuum.
Discuss the suggestion from their teacher that there are many factors to consider and that they may both be correct.
position on court
standard of game
tactics employed
motivation
Oxygen availability and fuel availability affect ATP resynthesis.
Describe how these factors determine which energy system is used.
If oxygen is available then the aerobic system will be pre dominant
If no oxygen available then the anaerobic systems will be predominant If an activity has a duration so very short duration / up to 10 secs then oxygen unavailable, not enough time to transport oxygen
If there are (sufficient) PC stores then the ATP / PC energy will be predominant for
(very) high intensity / short duration exercise
seconds)
PC stores deplete quickly during very high intensity exercise predominant energy system for longer than 10 seconds.
If glycogen or carbohydrate / glucose is present then the aerobic system will be the predominant system or if the exercise.
