Energy Systems

Question 1

ATP

Answer 1

Only usable energy in the body. The body constantly rebuilds ATP by converting ADP and PI back to ATP.

Question 2

Aerobic system

Answer 2

1. Glycolysis
   Breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid. Spit into 2 acetyl groups and Carried into Kreb cycle by coenzyme A
2. Kreb cycle
   Series of cyclical reactions that produce energy
   Acetyl coenzyme a combined with oxyloadcetic acid forming citric acid. Carbon and hydrogen given off. Beta oxidation
3. Hydrogen splits into ions and electrons. Ions are oxidised to form water and electrons provide energy to eesynthesis ATP. 38 ATP

Phosphofruktokinase.

Question 3

ATP-PC system

Answer 3

Uses phosphocreatine as fuel. Creatine kinase detects high levels of ADP and breaks it down into creatine and phosphate producing energy that energy is then used to convert ADP TO ATP

Up to 10 seconds.

Question 4

Anaerobic glycolytic system

Answer 4

30-3 mins.

Glycogen phosphorylase breaks glycogen into glucose. Phosphofructokinase breaks glucose into pyruvic acid. Pyruvic acid is broken down into lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase.

Question 5

Sun maximal oxygen deficit

Answer 5

We we start exercise insufficient oxygen is distributed for energy to be provided aerobically so it’s provided anaeorbixally

Question 6

EPOC

Answer 6

Amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above whixh would be consumed at rest

Question 7

Fast replenishment alactacid

Answer 7

Uses extra oxygen to restore ATP and PC stores abs restaurnats myoglobin

Question 8

Slow component lactacid

Answer 8

Removal of lactic acid

• cori cycle transported in blodd to liver where it’s converted into blood glucose and glycogen
• urine and sweat

Maintenance of breathing and heart rates

Glycogen replenishment 3:1 4:1 ratio

Increase in body temp

Question 9

Lactate threshold

Answer 9

Crossing of aerobic/ anaerobic threshold pong where lactic acid accumulated in blood

Question 10

OBLA

Answer 10

Point where lactate levels go over 4MMOLS

Question 11

OBLA AND LACTATE THRESHOLD

Answer 11

lactate threshold is a % of vo2 max as fitness increases lactate threshold is delayed.

Question 12

Factors affecting accumulation of LActate accumulation

Answer 12

• exercise intensity
• muscle fibre type
• RER close to 1 glycogen close to 0.7 fat
• fitness
• rate of lactate removal

BUFFERING process that aids removal of lactate

Question 13

Indirect calorimetey

Answer 13

Measure how much carbon dioxide is produced and how much oxygen is consumed

Question 14

Lactate sampling

Answer 14

Regular samples of blood lactate taken at progressive levels.

Shows fitness level

Question 15

Vo2 max test

Answer 15

Multi stage fitness test , Cooper 12 min run and direct gas analysis .

Question 16

RER

Answer 16

Ratio of carbon dioxide produced and oxygen consumed.

Close to 1 glycogen
Close to 0.7 days
Greater than 1 anaerobic

Question 17

Altitude training

Answer 17

Over 2000 m sea level
O2 carrying capacity is lower as pp of o2 is lower so less 02 delivers to muscles

A - ^ red blood cells
Enhanced oxygen transport
Increased lactate tolerance

D- expensive
Hard to do
Altitude sickness
Lose results quixk
Dehydration

Question 18

HIIT

Answer 18

Involves periods of high intensity and recovery interval trains aerobic and anaerobic

Question 19

Plyometrics

Answer 19

Improves power and involves hopping bouncing jumping.

Eccentric phase
Amortisation phase energy is stored
Concentric phase

Question 20

SAQ

Answer 20

Improves reaction time and power

Drills included zig zag runs and foot ladders