Energy lecture

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

the ability to do work

Question 2

Total energy is the sum of

Answer 2

potential energy and kinetic energy

Question 3

potential energy

Answer 3

stored energy to do work; potential to do work; food; potential energy is converted to kinetic energy

Question 4

kinetic energy

Answer 4

energy being used to do work (moving objects); reactions in your cells; muscle contractions

Question 5

Calorie

Answer 5

Amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water from 14.5 degrees C to 15.5 degrees C and potential energy stored as food

Question 6

Laws of thermodynamics - First Law

Answer 6

energy cannot be created or destroyed - it is converted from one form to another

Question 7

laws of thermodynamics - second law

Answer 7

energy conversions are NOT efficient; energy is lost as heat; heat loss is disordered and random

Question 8

entropy

Answer 8

measure of randomness/disorder

Question 9

All energy originates from

Answer 9

the sun

Question 10

metabolism

Answer 10

chemical reactions and how fast an organism breaks down their food - respiration and photosynthesis

Question 11

chemical reactions

Answer 11

absorb energy and release energy

Question 12

chemical reactions absorb energy

Answer 12

photosynthesis and products have more energy than reactants

Question 13

chemical reactions release energy

Answer 13

cellular respiration and products contain less energy than the reactants

Question 14

Lost energy

Answer 14

is heat, it forms bonds, and fuels other reactions

Question 15

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Answer 15

transfer of electrons to release energy

Question 16

proteins are

Answer 16

oxidized (-e-) and reduced (+e-)

Question 17

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP

Answer 17

Covalent bonds of ATP store energy released from chemical reactions like rechargeable batteries in living cells; nucleotide (5-C sugar and 3 phosphate groups)