Energy

Question 1

Potential Energy

Answer 1

Energy that has the potential to do work and so the energy is ‘stored’, such as gravitational energy, elastic energy and chemical energy

Question 2

Kinetic Energy

Answer 2

Energy due to the motion of an object

Question 3

Electrical energy

Answer 3

The energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor

Question 4

Gravitational Energy

Answer 4

Energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level

Question 5

Chemical Energy

Answer 5

The energy derived from chemical reactions

Question 6

Elastic Energy

Answer 6

The energy stored in a stretched elastic material

Question 7

Nuclear Energy

Answer 7

The energy stored at the center of atoms, the tiny particles that make up all substances. Nuclear energy can be released from the radioactive metals uranium or plutonium, and transformed into electrical energy in a nuclear power station.

Question 8

Heat Energy

Answer 8

Heat energy is a form of energy transfer among particles in a substance

Question 9

Light Energy

Answer 9

Light energy is the only form of energy that we can actually see directly. It is formed through chemical, radiation, and mechanical means.

Question 10

Sound Energy

Answer 10

Sound energy is a form of energy that is associated with vibrations of matter. It is a type of mechanical wave which means it requires an object to travel through.

Question 11

Conduction

Answer 11

Transfer of heat through collisions between particles

Question 12

Insulators

Answer 12

A material that is a poor conductor of heat

Question 13

Convection

Answer 13

Transfer of heat through the flow of particles

Question 14

Radiation

Answer 14

A method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat from one place to another

Question 15

Radiant Heat

Answer 15

Heat transferred by radiation, as from the sun to the Earth

Question 16

Reflected

Answer 16

Bounced off

Question 17

Transmitted

Answer 17

Passed through something, such as light or sound passing through air

Question 18

Absorbed

Answer 18

Taken in

Question 19

Density

Answer 19

The amount of compactness of a substance

Question 20

Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 20

A law that states that energy cannot be made or lost. However, energy can be transformed from one type to another or transferred from one object to another.

Question 21

Efficiency

Answer 21

The fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as a percentage.

Question 22

Insulation

Answer 22

A material that is a poor conductor of heat

Question 23

Deciduous

Answer 23

Describes plants that lose their leaves during autumn and winter

Question 24

Luminous

Answer 24

Releasing its own light

Question 25

Incandescent

Answer 25

Describes objects that emit light when they are hot

Question 26

Bio-luminescent

Answer 26

Describes living things that release light energy

Question 27

Non-luminous

Answer 27

Describes objects that do not emit their own light, but can be seen by reflected light

Question 28

Scattered

Answer 28

Describes light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance

Question 29

Visible Spectrum

Answer 29

Different colours that combine to make up white light; they are separated in rainbows

Question 30

Dispersion

Answer 30

Separation of the colours that make up white light. Each colour is bent differently when it enters or leaves a glass prism.

Question 31

Electromagnetic Radiation

Answer 31

The radiant energy such as radio waves, infrared, visible light, X-rays and gamma rays released by magnetic or electric fields

Question 32

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 32

Complete range of wavelengths of energy radiated as electric and magnetic fields

Question 33

Radio Waves

Answer 33

Low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light

Question 34

Infra-red Radiation

Answer 34

Low energy electromagnetic waves with a much lower frequency and longer wavelength than visible light

Question 35

Ultraviolet Radiation

Answer 35

Invisible radiation similar to light but with a slightly higher frequency and more energy

Question 36

X-rays

Answer 36

High energy electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted through solids and provide information about their structure

Question 37

Gamma Rays

Answer 37

High energy electromagnetic radiation produced during nuclear reaction

Question 38

Vibrations

Answer 38

Repeated fast, back-and-forth movements

Question 39

Compression

Answer 39

The process of pushing a material into itself

Question 40

Rarefaction

Answer 40

In sound waves, the layers of air particles that are spread apart (between compression)

Question 41

Sound Waves

Answer 41

Vibrations of particles in the air

Question 42

Frequency

Answer 42

Number of vibrations in one second, or the number of wavelengths passing in one second

Question 43

Hertz

Answer 43

Unit of frequency; its abbreviation is Hz. One hertz is equal to one vibration every second.

Question 44

Pitch

Answer 44

The highness or lowness of a sound. The pitch that you hear depends on the frequency of the vibrating air.

Question 45

Wavelength

Answer 45

Distance between two neighboring crests or troughs of a wave. This is the distance between two particles vibrating in step.

Question 46

Amplitude

Answer 46

Maximum distance that a particle moves away from its undisturbed position

Question 47

Reverberation

Answer 47

Longer-lasting sound caused by repeated reflection from hard surfaces