Endosymbiont hypothesis

Question 1

Symbiosis

Answer 1

living together of unlike organisms

Question 2

Cellular endosymbiosis

Answer 2

when a single cell organism lives in a host cell

Question 3

Mechanism

Answer 3

Phagocytosis of a prokaryote
Host cell and endosymbiont reproduce
development of interdependence

Question 4

Hypothesis

Answer 4

mitochondria and chloroplasts derived from englufed prokaryotes
Infolding of membrane forms nucleus and ER
engulfing of heterotrophic prokaryote results in mitochondria
Engulfing of photosynthetic prokaryote results in chloroplasts

Question 5

Evidence that mitochondria and chloroplast derived from prokaryotes

Answer 5

They have their own circular genome
They contain 70S ribosomes
Chloroplasts use tubules like FtsZ for division
Chloroplasts and cyanobacteria have thylakoid membranes
Both have double membrane
Share specific membrane lipid

Question 6

A FtsZ mutant in moss contain what

Answer 6

Long chloroplast

Question 7

Chloroplast and mitochondria similarites

Answer 7

Inner and outer membrane, 70S ribosomes, circular DNA, import of nuclear proteins, endogenous membranes, not part of endomembrane system

Question 8

Secondary emdosymbiosis

Answer 8

some algae contain a nucleomorph (DNA containing relict of an engulfed eukaryote)

Question 9

Endosymbiosis today

Answer 9

lichen are a symbiosis of fungi and uni-cellular algae
Coral reefs only found in clear shallow water (dinoflagellates) - symbiosis of algae and polyp
Corel polyps and zooxanthellae form a mutualistic cellular endosymbiosis

Question 10

Silar powered sea slugs

Answer 10

eats chloroplasts and puts in extension and they continue photosynthesis