Endoscopy - Week 3 Flashcards
What are the 4 main parts of an endoscope?
Screen, flexible tip, control head, light source
What is meant by gastroscopy?
Endoscopy through the mouth, oesophagus and into the stomach
Why may capsule endoscopy be used?
To look for hard-to-find inflammation or bleeding
What is an EUS?
Endoscopic ultrasound
Give examples of conditions which can be visually diagnosed by endoscopy.
Oesophagitis Gastritis Ulceration Coeliac disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Sclerosing cholangitis
Give some vascular abnormalities which may be detected by endoscopy.
Varices
Ectatic blood vessels (GAVE, Dieulafoy)
Angiodysplasia
Give examples of treatments which can be given down the endoscope.
GI bleeding
Nerve blocks
Resection of early cancer
What is haematemesis?
the vomiting of blood
Haematemesis usually signifies…
Upper GI haemorrhage
What is meant by melaena?
production of dark sticky faeces
Melaena usually suggests…
Upper GI bleeding
How may endoscopy be of benefit in nutrition?
PEG insertion, PEJ insertion, Naso-jejunal tube insertion
Give some uses of endoscopy in screening.
Prevention of colorectal cancer
Detect polyps and remove them
Early detection of cancer
In which diseases is surveillance by endoscopy particularly important?
Ulcerative colitis
Colonic polyps and colorectal cancer
Barrett’s oesophagus
Give some potential complications of endoscopy.
Respiratory arrest Aspiration Cardiac arrest Bleeding Perforation Infection (prions, viruses, bacterial- endocarditis, immunosuppression
