Endoplasmic Reticulum & Golgi Apparatus Flashcards
Where is the endoplasmic reticulum generally found?
Surrounding the nucleus
What does the ER form?
Hollow tubes and flattened sacs
What is the name given to the chambers of the ER?
Cisternae
What are the 5 functions of the SER?
- Detoxification
- Synthesis and storage of glycogen and glyceride
- Steroid hormone synthesis
- Phospholipid ane cholesterol synthesis
- Calcium storage
What is the name given to ER in muscles?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What is the Golgi apparatus composed of?
Flattened discs; also called cisternae
How do the cisternae of the Golgi body communicate with ER and cell membrane?
Through the use of vesicles
What is material transported from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to the Golgi in?
Vesicles or tubules
What 3 specialised proteins coat the vesicles and area of membrane on the Golgi receiving the material?
Clathrin, COPI, COPII
What covers the outside of transport vesicles?
A protein coat
What are the 3 types of vesicle coats? What are each of their specific functions?
- Clathrin - formation of vesicles from cell surface and Golgi
- COP I - movement through Golgi complex
- COP II - formation of vesicles from ER to golgi
What are the 3 regions of the Golgi apparatus?
Cis face
Golgi stack (medial)
Trans face
What are the 3 functions of the Golgi apparatus?
- Modification and packaging secretions for release through exocytosis
- Renewal and modification of plasma membrane
- Delivery of material to other organelles
What are the two models of movement of vesicles through the Golgi called?
- Vesicular transport
- Cisternal maturation
What is the vesicular transport model in the Golgi apparatus?
- Suggests that the Golgi is static
Packages move through cisternae by vesicles
What is the cisternal maturation model in the Golgi apparatus?
- Suggests that the Golgi is dynamic
Cisternae progress through apparatus and mature from a cis cisternae to trans cisternae
(New cisternae form at cis end)
What is the current belief about the models of movement in the Golgi?
Combination of both
How do vesicles reach the correct target?
SNAREs
Soluble N-ethylmaleimide
What are the two types of SNAREs?
- vSNARE - vesicle SNARE
- tSNARE - target SNAREs
Where are the two types of SNAREs found?
vSNAREs are found in vesicle membranes
tSNAREs are found in target membrane
