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Cell Biology > Cell Motility > Flashcards

Cell Motility Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are cilia and flagella built from?

A

Microtubules - dynein??

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2
Q

What is the major functional structure in cilia and flagella?

A

The axoneme

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3
Q

The bending of what structure in cilia and flagella results in their movement?

A

The axoneme

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4
Q

Structure of axoneme

A

9 outer pairs, pair in centre. Radial spokes

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5
Q

Structure of basal bodies

A

9 triplet microtubule array, derived from centriole

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6
Q

What are the outer doublets of the axoneme made up of?

A

Complete (A) fibres and incomplete (B) fibres

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7
Q

Which motor protein is present on the outer doublets?

A

Dynein

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8
Q

What do dynein arms do?

A

Generate flexion when dynein hydrolyses ATP and changes shape

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9
Q

In isolation, what does dynein produce?

A

Microtubule sliding but in flagellum causes bending

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10
Q

Why does dyneim cause microtubule bending in flagellum?

A

Due to linking proteins in flagellum

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11
Q

What does the inner dynein arm affect?

A

Shape of wave

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12
Q

What does the outer dynein arm affect?

A

Power

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13
Q

What do basal bodies do?

A

Act to firmly root cilia at cell surface

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14
Q

What are the 2 types of actin-based movement?

A
  1. Muscle movement - moves whole organism

2. Non-muscle movement - moves individual cells

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15
Q

What is the contractile unit of muscles? How do they influence the appearance of skeletal muscle?

A
  • Sarcomere - Give skeletal muscles their striated appearance
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16
Q

What are filopodia?

A

One-dimensional extensions containing a core of long. bundled actin filaments. Protrude first

17
Q

What are lamellipodia?

A

Two-dimensional extensions contain cross-linked mesh of actin filaments. (broad extensions)

18
Q

What is ‘Gel-sol transition’ in the movement of Amoeboid? How does this allow movement?

A
  • Transition from gel-like cytoplasm (outer region) to liquid-like cytoplasm (inner region)
  • Actin underlying cell membrane has weak point allowing membrane protrusion and extension
19
Q

What is the name of the transition found in Amoeboid movement?

A

“Gel-Sol” transition

Cell Biology (21 decks)

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