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HOME STRETCH > Endoparasites > Flashcards

Endoparasites Flashcards

1
Q

what types of species fall under cestodes?

A

dipylidium caninum
taenia
echinococcus granulosus
echinococcus multiocularis
spirometra
monezia
diphyllobothrium latum
mesocestoides

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2
Q

dipylidium caninum is also known as what?

A

double pore tapeworm
cucumber seed tapeworm

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3
Q

spirometra is also known as what

A

zipper tapeworm

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4
Q

what is the intermediate host for dipyldium caninum?

A

ctenophelidas felis (cat flea)

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5
Q

what do the echinococcus species consist of?

A

hydatid cysts

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6
Q

what medication handles both dipylidium caninum and taenia species?

A

praziquantel

fenbendazole (panacur) - only does taenia species

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7
Q

where is diplyidium caninum located?

A

small intestine of dogs, cats, ferrets

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8
Q

what is the cycle of dipylidium canine?

A

individual gravid proglottid will release into the environment via feces, then rupture releasing hexacanth embryos. It then develops into a cystercoid (infective stage) where the adult flea will eat it. The dog/cat will then eat the flea and the cystercoid will attach to the lining of the small intestine

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9
Q

what are the two species of taenia?

A

Taenia taeniaformis
Taenia pisformisT

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10
Q

Taenia taeniaformis
Host:
Intermediate host:

A

Host: cat
Intermediate host: rat/rodent

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11
Q

Taenia pisformis
Host:
Intermediate host:

A

Host: hunting dog
Intermediate host: rabbit/hare

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12
Q

is echinococcus reportable?

A

yes

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13
Q

Echinococcus life cycle

A

ova in infected species will pass into environment. It is then ingested (each ovum = one hydatid cyst). Intermediate host will then ingest and it develops into encapsulated cyst (E. granulosus)

Each protoscolex = one tapeworm

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14
Q

Which echinococcus species is most common in humans?

A

E. granulosus

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15
Q

E. granulosus
Host:
Intermediate host:

A

Host: dogs
Intermediate host: sheep/goat

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16
Q

E. multiocularis
Host:
Intermediate host:

A

Host: cat/fox
Intermediate host: mouse

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17
Q

Is there a vaccine against echinococcus?

A

yes

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18
Q

proliferative sparagnosis

A

caused by Spirometra mansonomides
can happen when the single sparagum begins to multiply asexually (refractory to treatment) FATAL

19
Q

Where is spirometra located in dogs and cats?

A

pseudotapeworms are located in the small intestine

20
Q

Life cycle of Spirometra

A

operculated eggs exit the centrally located uterus through the associated pore

upon contact w/ WATER, the eggs will hatch releasing the CORACIDIUM (motile hexacanth embyro). The FIRST INTERMEDIATE HOST, microscopic crustecean will ingest and turn the CORACIDIUM –> PROCERCOID. the SECOND INTERMEDIATE HOST, frog, snake, mouse will ingest and term the PROCEROID –> PLEROCERCOD SPARAGUM. This stage will intertwine in the SQ muscles of the 2nd I.H. The DEFINITIVE HOST will then ingest the 2nd I.H. which the sparagum will emerge from tissue site and attach itself to mucosa lining of the stomach and MATURE into an adult

21
Q

What happens if a dog or cat ingests the aquatic crustean containing the proceroid or the second I.H. containing the plercorcoid/sparagum?

A

may migrate to SQ tissues and causing proliferative sparagnosis

22
Q

What are the three ways humans can become infected w/ SPIROMETRA?

A

1) drinking water containing 1st I.H. –> 2nd I.H. containing the pleroceroid stage in SQ tissues
2) ingesting 2nd I.H. (raw frogs containing plercoid stage –> migrate and infest SQ tissues)
3) if a poultice made from 2nd I.H. (frog) containing the plercercoid/sparagnum stage –> migrate to SQ tissues

23
Q

Mesocestoides are found where?

A

small intestine

dogs, cats, wild animals, birds

24
Q

Mesocetoides species
Host:
Intermediate host:

A

Host: dogs, cats, wild animals, birds
Intermediate host:
1) oribatid mite
2) rats and mice

25
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum is also known as

A

broad fish tapeworm, sushi tapeworm

26
Q

Where is diphyllobothrium latum located?

A

small intestine

dogs, cats, fish-eating mammals, pigs

27
Q

Diphyllobothrium
Host:
Intermediate host:

A

Host: dogs, cats, humans
Intermediate host:
1) aquatic crustacean (copepods)
2) fish

28
Q

What are the two pseudotapeworm species?

A

Spirometra
Diphyllobothrium

29
Q

Moniezia species affect what animals?

A

ruminants and camelids

30
Q

What are the intermediate hosts of Moniezia species?

A

orbatid grain mites

31
Q

trematodes are best identified using what type of fecal test?

A

sedimentation

32
Q

Eucoleus spp. What is it?

A

Nematode
Lungworm
Also preferred to as Capillaria

33
Q

Strongylus vulgaris

A

Nematode
blood worm
HORSES
cecum and colon
ingested via grazing

34
Q

Nematodirus spp

A

nematode
thread-neck worm
RUMINANTS AND CAMELIDS
small intestine

35
Q

Cooperia spp

A

nematode
RUMINANTS AND CAMELIDS
ingested via grazing

36
Q

Haemonchus contortus

A

NEMATODE
barberpole worm - RED STOMACH WORM
RUMINANTS and CAMELIDS
GI tract

37
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis

A

INTESTINAL THREADWORM (nematode)
BAERMANN TECHNIQUE
transmammary
small intestine

38
Q

strongyloides westeri

A

THREADWORM (nematode)
horses
small intestine
transmammary

39
Q

Physalopetra spp

A

STOMACH WORM
nematode
Small intestine & stomach

40
Q

Aerlurostrongylus abstrusus

A

feline lungworm
BAERMANN sedimentation ot zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation
chronic cough

41
Q

Alaria spp

A

Trematode
SMALL INTESTINE
ingests frogs or paratenic hosts infected w/ mesocercaria
FECAL SEDIMENTATION
non pathogenic in cats and dogs
zoonotic to humans (eating raw frog)

42
Q

paragonimus spp

A

paragonium kellicotti
LUNG FLUKE
fecal sedimentation
zoonotic potential to humans (improperly cooked crayfish or crabs - metacercaria)

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