large animal diseases Flashcards
what are the cattle core vaccines?
infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
bovine virus diarrhea (BVD)
bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV)
parainfluenza type 3 (PI3)
Clostridium sp. (Blackleg)
Leptospira bacterins
Sheep/Goat Core vaccines
Clostridium perfringens C & D
Tetanus
tularemia is also known as what?
rabbit fever
what causes undulant fever in humans?
Brucella (also known as Bang’s disease)
What is cat scratch disease called?
Bartonella
What does coxiella burnetti cause
Q fever
What is the causative agent of Johne’s disease?
Mycobacterium avium subsp, paratuberculosis
What are the clinical signs of Johne’s disease?
chronic wasting disease affecting small intestines
diarrhea
severe weight loss
affects ruminants
What is blackleg disease?
Caused by:
Clostridium chauovoei
Transmission:
Ingestion of spores in the soil
Clinical Signs:
lameness
loss of appetite
rapid breathing
fever
swelling
death w/in 12-48 hours
Anthrax disease in bovines
Bacillus anthracis (gram +, spore forming)
“splenic fever”
Causes:
acute death w/ no other symptoms
bleeding from orifices
ataxia
seizures
localized swelling of tissues, neck, shoulders, thorax
ZOONOTIC TO HUMANS
What causes “pinkeye”/infectious bovine keratoconjuncitivitis?
moraxella bovis
What is “red nose” in cattle?
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)
Cause:
-Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV 1)
Tranmission:
-airborne
-direct contact w/ infected animals
-indirect contact via fomites
Signs:
Can cause moraxella bovis
What is Listeria monocytogenes in cows?
“circling disease”
“silage sickness”
CNS
facial nerve paralysis
tongue hanging from motuh
circling
drooping eears
blindness
Zoonotic!
What is “Red Water Disease” in cows?
Leptospirosis
-hemoglobinuria
Abortion
fever
Agalactia
Mastitis
ZOONOTIC
What is known as Bovine Respiratory Disease Syndrome (BRDS)?
“Shipping fever”
“Pasteurellosis”
Etiology is COMPLEX - caused by a number of viruses, bacteria, stressors
IBR, PI3, BRSV, Respiratory coronavirus
What is Dermatophilosis?
Rain rot or Rain Scale
caused by Dermatophilus congolensis
Common skin infection seen in livestock during rainy seasons or in damp weather
What is orbivirus?
blue tongue disease in sheep, cattle, and goats
Psittacosis
Parrot Fever
Chlamydia psittaci
Spread via bird droppings and nasal discharge
ZOONOTIC TO HUMANS
Pachecho’s disease
parrot herpesvirus
NOT CONTAGIOUS TO HUMANS
What is white muscle disease?
associated w/ low selenium and vitamin E
NUTRITIONAL MYODEGENERATION
Causes by unsupplemented cattle grazing soils of volcanic orgin
What is Orf?
“soremouth”
ZOONOTIC
caused by parapox virus
papules/pustules on the lips
Pemphigus
autoimmune disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes
acanthosis - antibodies are deposited in the intercellular spaces causing the cells to detach from each other
Cryptosporidium parvum
protozoan parasite that causes severe gastroenteritis in animals and humans
spread from baby cows
sheeps are highly susceptible to what toxicity?
COPPER
causes them to become ICTERIC
Sheep are highly susceptibly to copper toxicity. Because this causes an acute hemolytic crisis, the most common signs are:
-acute death
-icterus
-depression
-hemoglobinuria
-increased RR
-weakness
Pathology often shows dark, hemoglobin filled kidneys (“gun metal blue”)
