dentistry terms Flashcards
what is a normal occlusion?
scissor bite
upper incisors are rostral to the mandibular incisors
lower canines fit in the “diastema” between the upper maxillary canine and third incisor (should not touch)
lower first premolar are more ROSTRAL w/ the upper arcade fitting into spaces and forming a zig zag patter
Mesocephalic
well-proportioned skull width and maxillary length
Class I malocclusion
also known as “neutrocclusion”
maxillary and mandible correctly proportioned BUT one or more teeth are misaligned
Rostral crossbite (RXB)
also known as “anterior cross bite”
one or more of the maxillary INCISORS are LINGUAL to the mandibular INCISORS
Caudal crossbite (CXB)
also known as “posterior cross bite”
mandible is WIDER than maxilla in the area of the PREMOLARS
normal relationship of CARNASSIALS is reversed: the MAXILLARY 4th premolar is now LINGUAL to the MANDIBULAR first molar
Dolichocephalic breeds tend to have a ______ crossbite
caudal
Linguoversion (LV)
also known as BASE-NARROWED CANINES
mandibular canines are in correct anatomic position BUT are lingually displaced
can cause trauma to palatal tissue such as indentation of palate
mesioversion (MV)
also known as SPEARING CANINES
tooth is in its anatomically correct position in the dental arch BUT is abnormally angled in mesial direction
labioversion (LABV)
incisor or canine tooth is abnormally angled in a labial direction
distoversion (DV)
tooth that is abnormally angled in a distal direction
buccoversion (BV)
tooth that is abnormally angled in the buccal direction
All class I malocclusions can be a part of class II and class III. True or False?
True
Class II Malocclusion
DISTOCLUSION
Teeth in the maxilla occlude rostral to the mandible
Maxillary prognathism (maxilla is forward) and mandible retrognathism (mandible is caudal)
Referred to as:
-brachygnathism
-overshot jaw
-overbite
-parrot mouth
Class II Malocclusions are more commonly to occur in what type of breeds?
Dolichocephalic (narrow skulls and long maxillas = collies)
Class III Malocclusion
MESIOCCLUSION
mandibular teeth occlude rostral to maxillary equivalent
maxillary retrognathism (maxilla is caudal) and mandibular prognathism (mandible is forward)
Referred to as:
-prognathism
-underbite
-undershot jaw
Often associated w/ rostral cross bite
Class III malocclusion is typical of what breed?
brachycephalics (wide skulls w/ short maxillas)
Level bite
end to end bite of incisors
generally a degree of prognathism
Wry mouth
nonspecific term that refers to a variety of unilateral occlusal abnormalities
Oligodontia
only a few teeth present
Anodontia
congenital absence of teeth
Hypodontia
one or a few teeth missing
polydontia
more teeth than normal
supernumerary
abnormal dental interlock
deciduous teeth that errupt in an abnormal pattern
what breeds develop caries?
rabbits and chinchillas
gingivitis
inflammation of the gingiva caused by plaque
periodontitis
inflammation of the supporting structures of the teeth, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, cementum
gemini
two teeth that arise from one enamel origin (two crowns w/ one single root canal)
fusion
two tooth buds grow together to form one larger tooth
dilaceration
sharp end, curve, or angulation in the root or crown
in bisecting angle technique, what causes FORESHORTENING of the tooth?
if the beam is more perpendicular to the film
in bisecting angle technique, what causes ELONGATION of the tooth?
if the beam is more perpendicular to the tooth axis
for incisors and canine teeth, where should you be standing?
to the patient’s side
for premolars and molars, where should you be standing?
in front of the patient
in your dental xray machine, what are two variables that are CONSTANT?
kvp, mAs
what makes the periodontium?
alveolar bone
cementum
periodontal ligament
gingiva
