Endometriosis

Question 1

What is endometriosis

Answer 1

Ectopic endometrial tissue outside of uterus. A lump of endometrial tissue outside the uterus - endometrioma

Question 2

What is the name for an endometrioma in the ovaries

Answer 2

Chocolate cyst

Question 3

Endometriosis presentation

Answer 3

Pelvic pain due to shedding of lining during menstruation in abnormal location. Causes inflammation and irritation of tissue
Cyclical, dell, heavy or burning pain that occurs during menstruation
Blood in urine or stool (cyclical
Deep dyspareunia

Question 4

Endometriosis complications

Answer 4

Adhesions due to scarring of tissue - causes chronic, non-cyclical pain.
Reduced fertility

Question 5

Endometriosis examination

Answer 5

Endometrial tissue visible in vagina on speculum
Tenderness in vagina and cervix
Pelvic ultrasound - large endometrioma’s but may be normal
Laparoscopic surgery to take biopsy of lesions - can also remove deposits of endometriosis to improve symptoms

Question 6

Endometriosis differentials

Answer 6

Chronic PID, ovarian tumour, ectopic pregnancy, adenomyosis, fibroids, uterine polyps

Question 7

Endometriosis management

Answer 7

Pain relief - NSAID’s and paracetamol
Hormonal management - COCP, POP, Progesterone injection, Implant, Mirena coil
Surgical management - Laparoscopic surgery to remove or ablate deposits and remove adhesions, hysterectomy