Endometrial Conditions

Question 1

Well circumscribed collection of endometrial tissue within uterine wall. May contain smooth muscle cells. Can extend into endometrial cavity in the form of a…

Answer 1

Polyp

Question 2

MC tumor in females. Estrogen sensitive tumor that increases size with pregnancy and decreases with menopause. Peak 20-40. Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles with well-demarcated borders.

Answer 2

Leiomyoma (fibroid)

Question 3

Non-neoplastic endometrial glands/stromatolites outside the endometrial cavity. In ovary, can be found as a chocolate cyst. Meta plastic transformation of multipotent cells, transportation of endometrial tissue via lymphatic system. Characterized by cyclic pelvic pain, bleeding, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia (pain with defecation), infertility, and adhesions.

Answer 3

Endometriosis - aka endometrioma

Question 4

Extension of endometrial tissue (glandular) into uterine myometrium. Caused by hyperplasia of basal layer of endometrium. Presents with dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, uniformly enlarged, soft, globular uterus.

Answer 4

Adenomyosis

Question 5

Inflammation of endometrium associated with retained products of conception following delivery, miscarriage, abortion, or with foreign body. Retained material in uterus that promotes infection by bacterial flora.

Answer 5

Endometritis

Question 6

Abnormal endometrial gland proliferation usually caused by excess estrogen stimulation. Increased risk for endometrial carcinoma. Presents as postmenopausal bleeding. Caused can be due to HRT, PCOS, or granulosa cell tumor.

Answer 6

Endometrial hyperplasia

Question 7

MC gynecological malignancy- pk @55-65yrs old. Presents with vaginal bleeding; preceded by endometrial hyperplasia. Risk factors include prolonged use of estrogen therapy without progestin, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, nulliparity, late menopause and Lynch Syndrome.

Answer 7

Endometrial carcinoma