Branchial Arch/Branchial Pouch Path Flashcards
What is being described: Arytenoids, Cricoid, Corniculate, Cuneiform, Thyroid.
Cartilage of 4th-6th branchial arches
Used to sing and ACCCT!
What is being described: Reichert cartilage: Stapes, Styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, Stylohyoid ligament.
Cartilage of 2nd branchial arch
What is being described: Greater horn of hyoid
Cartilage of 3rd branchial arch
What is being described: Maxillary process (maxilla, zygomatic bone)
Mandibular process (Meckel cartilage, Mandible)
Malleus and incus, sphenomandibular ligament
Cartilage of 1st branchial arch
What is being described: muscles of facial expression, Stapedius, Stylohyoid, platysma, posterior belly of digastric.
Muscles of 2nd branchial arch
What is being described: Temporalis, Masseter, lateral and medial pterygoids, Mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, anterior 2/3 of tongue, tensor veli palatini
Muscles of 1st branchial arch
—> muscles of mastication
What is being described: Stylopharyngeus
Muscles of 3rd branchial arch
Most pharyngeal constructors, cricothyroid, levator veli palatini
Muscles of 4th branchial arch
What is being described: All intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid
Muscles of 6th branchial arch
Abnormalities of Arches 3 and 4 form and cause what?
Posterior 1/3 of tongue.
Abnormality would be from the back of the tongue.
Defects of 1st branchial arch cause what? What are the clinical Fx?
Neural crest dysfunction-1st branchial arch: mandibular hyperplasia, facial abnormalities
What is being described and what is the etiology: micrognathia, glossitis, cleft palate, airway obstruction.
1st Branchial arch defect, Pierre Robin sequence
What is being described: derives middle ear cavity, Eustachian tube, Mastoid ir cells.
1st branchial pouch —> contributes to endoderm-lined structures of ear.
What is being described: derives Epithelial lining of palatine tonsil
2nd branchial pouch
What is being described: derives Dorsal wings—> inferior parathyroids.
Ventral Wings—> thymus
3rd branchial pouch
What structures end up below the superior parathyroids and the parafollicular (C) cells of the thyroid?
Third branchial pouch structures: Thymus, left and right inferior parathyroids.
3rd pouch structures end up below 4th pouch structures
What is being described: derives Dorsal wings—> Superior parathyroids
Central Wings—> ultimobranchial body and parafollicular (C) cells of thyroid?
4th branchial pouch
What is being described: Chromosome 22q11 deletion. Aberrant development of 3rd and 4th pouches—> T-cell deficiency (thymic aplasia) and hypocalcemia (failure of parathyroid development). Associated with cardiac defects (conotruncal abnormalities).
DiGeorge Syndrome
What is being described: failure of fusion of the maxillary and merged medial nasal processes (formation of primary palate).
Cleft lip
What is being described: failure of fusion of the two lateral palatine shelves with the nasal septum and/or median palatine shelf (formation of 2ary palate).
Cleft palate
