Endocrine System (adrenal Gland) Flashcards
The adrenal gland produces what 2 hormones?
- aldosterone/mineralcorticoid
- Cortisol/glucocorticoid
Aldosterone/ mineralocorticoid is found on which layer of the adrenal cortex?
-zone glomerulosa
Cortisol/glucocorticoid is found on which layer of the adrenal cortex?
-zona fasciculata
Which layer of the adrenal cortex is the thickest?
- zona fasciculata
- secrets cortisol/glucocorticoids
What is the function of aldosterone?
-adjusts Na+ and K+ levels
What effect does cortisol have on the body ?
Prevents hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
How does cortisol effect these structures?
Immune system
Liver
Muscle
Adipose tissue
- Immune System: Inhibits inflammatory responses
- liver:glucogenesis
- muscle: protein catabolism
- Adipose tissue:lipolysis
What is hypercortisolism? Example?
- hypersecretion of cortisol
- Cushing syndrome (buffalo hump)
Hormonal levels in blood under primary hypersecretion due to problem with adrenal cortex (hypercortisolism)
- low CRH levels
- low ACTH levels
- high cortisol levels
Hormonal levels in blood under secondary hypersecretion due to pituitary problem (hypercortisolism)
- low CRH levels
- high ACTH levels
- high cortisol levels
Hormonal levels in blood under tertiary hypersecretion due to hypothalamic problem (rare) (hypercortisolism)
- high CRH levels (tumor)
- high ACTH levels
- high cortisol
What is hypocortisolism? Example?
- hyposecretion of all adrenal steroid hormones
- Addison disease
Hormonal levels in blood under hyposecretion due to damage to the pituitary
- High CRH levels
- Low ACTH levels
- low cortisol
Hormonal levels in blood under hyposecretion due to atrophy of the adrenal cortex
- high CRH levels
- high ACTH levels
- low cortisol levels
