Endocrine system Flashcards
what hormones does the anterior pit secret?
Growth hormone, TSH, Prolactin
does exercise increase or decrease anterior pit secretions?
increases
what hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?
T3, T4, calcitonin (regulates calcium)
how is anterior pit related to thyroid gland?
TSH secreted by anterior pit triggers release of T3, and T4 by thyroid gland
What hormones does the adrenal medulla secrete?
catecholamins (epi and norepi)
do catecholamines increase or decrease after exercise?
increase
when does epinephrine kick in when does it stop?
@60-70% vo2max and it stops when exercise stops
when does norepinephrine kick in when does it stop?
@50% vo2max and it stops hours after exercise stops
which catecholamine is used 80% which is 20%?
epi is 80% and norepi is 20%
which hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete?
cortisol: plays a role in glucose regulation kicks in 30 minutes after exercise has begun
what two hormones are secreted by the pancreas?
insulin and glucagon
when is insulin released and what does it do
insulin is released by blood glucose levels are high, it increase glut 4 receptors to increase uptake, it decreases gluconeogenisis and increases glycogenesis
when is glucagon released and what does it do?
glucagon is released when blood glucose levels are low, it increases gluconeogenesis and decreases glycogenesis
in what scenario is insulin sensity increased, but receptors decrease?
during exercise because body needs energy but too much energy will cause the glucose to get taken up into unnecessary cells
What enzymes play a role in glucose increase during exercise
Glucagon, epinephrine, norepi Cortisol
cortisols rule in increasing glucose?
it stimulates gluconeogenesis, and starts working 30 minutes into the workout
When does epi and norepi kick in?
when cortisol and glucagon slow down
growth hormones role in increase glucose?
increase fat mobilization and inhibits unnecessary cellular uptake
What happens to fatty acid uptake when fatty acid concentrations are high?
increase
which hormones play a role in fatty acid regulation?
insulin decreases cause fatty acid uptake, as well as epi, norepi, cortisol, and growth hormone
What happens to plasma volume when we exercise??
it will decrease increasing osmolality
what does the posterior pituitary secrete?
ADH (vasopressin)
how does an increase in osmolality affect water in adjacent cells?
water will leave
describe the ADH mechanism?
exercise increases osmolality. hypothalamus senses this and signals to pit to secrete ADH, ADH signals to kidneys to reabsorb water (increasing permeability)
what other hormone does adrenal cortex secret?
aldosterone
what is the role of aldosterone?
stimulates the kidneys to reabsorp sodium
describe the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism?
dehydration is sensed by the kidneys, the kidneys produce renin, renin is converted to angiotensin in the liver, then in the lungs angiotensin is converted a second time, Angiotensin signals to cortex to release Aldosterone which tells kidneys to reabsorb sodium. Reabsorping sodium also increases water reabsorption and potassium secretion
