Endocrine system

Question 1

what hormones does the anterior pit secret?

Answer 1

Growth hormone, TSH, Prolactin

Question 2

does exercise increase or decrease anterior pit secretions?

Answer 2

increases

Question 3

what hormones does the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 3

T3, T4, calcitonin (regulates calcium)

Question 4

how is anterior pit related to thyroid gland?

Answer 4

TSH secreted by anterior pit triggers release of T3, and T4 by thyroid gland

Question 5

What hormones does the adrenal medulla secrete?

Answer 5

catecholamins (epi and norepi)

Question 6

do catecholamines increase or decrease after exercise?

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

when does epinephrine kick in when does it stop?

Answer 7

@60-70% vo2max and it stops when exercise stops

Question 8

when does norepinephrine kick in when does it stop?

Answer 8

@50% vo2max and it stops hours after exercise stops

Question 9

which catecholamine is used 80% which is 20%?

Answer 9

epi is 80% and norepi is 20%

Question 10

which hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete?

Answer 10

cortisol: plays a role in glucose regulation kicks in 30 minutes after exercise has begun

Question 11

what two hormones are secreted by the pancreas?

Answer 11

insulin and glucagon

Question 12

when is insulin released and what does it do

Answer 12

insulin is released by blood glucose levels are high, it increase glut 4 receptors to increase uptake, it decreases gluconeogenisis and increases glycogenesis

Question 13

when is glucagon released and what does it do?

Answer 13

glucagon is released when blood glucose levels are low, it increases gluconeogenesis and decreases glycogenesis

Question 14

in what scenario is insulin sensity increased, but receptors decrease?

Answer 14

during exercise because body needs energy but too much energy will cause the glucose to get taken up into unnecessary cells

Question 15

What enzymes play a role in glucose increase during exercise

Answer 15

Glucagon, epinephrine, norepi Cortisol

Question 16

cortisols rule in increasing glucose?

Answer 16

it stimulates gluconeogenesis, and starts working 30 minutes into the workout

Question 17

When does epi and norepi kick in?

Answer 17

when cortisol and glucagon slow down

Question 18

growth hormones role in increase glucose?

Answer 18

increase fat mobilization and inhibits unnecessary cellular uptake

Question 19

What happens to fatty acid uptake when fatty acid concentrations are high?

Answer 19

increase

Question 20

which hormones play a role in fatty acid regulation?

Answer 20

insulin decreases cause fatty acid uptake, as well as epi, norepi, cortisol, and growth hormone

Question 21

What happens to plasma volume when we exercise??

Answer 21

it will decrease increasing osmolality

Question 22

what does the posterior pituitary secrete?

Answer 22

ADH (vasopressin)

Question 23

how does an increase in osmolality affect water in adjacent cells?

Answer 23

water will leave

Question 24

describe the ADH mechanism?

Answer 24

exercise increases osmolality. hypothalamus senses this and signals to pit to secrete ADH, ADH signals to kidneys to reabsorb water (increasing permeability)

Question 25

what other hormone does adrenal cortex secret?

Answer 25

aldosterone

Question 26

what is the role of aldosterone?

Answer 26

stimulates the kidneys to reabsorp sodium

Question 27

describe the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism?

Answer 27

dehydration is sensed by the kidneys, the kidneys produce renin, renin is converted to angiotensin in the liver, then in the lungs angiotensin is converted a second time, Angiotensin signals to cortex to release Aldosterone which tells kidneys to reabsorb sodium. Reabsorping sodium also increases water reabsorption and potassium secretion