Endocrine System

Question 1

Direct Hormones

Answer 1

Directly stimulate organs

Question 2

Tropic Hormones

Answer 2

Stimulate other glands

Question 3

Peptides Act Via:

Answer 3

second messengers

Question 4

Steroids Act Via:

Answer 4

Hormone/receptor binding to DNA

Question 5

Amino Acid Derivatives Act Via:

Answer 5

second messengers OR hormone/receptor binding to DNA

Question 6

FSH

Answer 6

Source: anterior pituitary
Action: stimulates follicle maturation; spermatogenesis

Question 7

LH

Answer 7

Source: anterior pituitary
Action: stimulates ovulation; testosterone synthesis

Question 8

ACTH

Answer 8

Source: anterior pituitary
Action: stimulates adrenal cortex to make and secrete glucocorticoids

Question 9

TSH

Answer 9

Source: anterior pituitary
Action: stimulates thyroid to produce thyroids hormones

Question 10

Prolactin

Answer 10

Source: Anterior Pituitary
Action: stimulates milk production and secretion

Question 11

Endorphins

Answer 11

Source: anterior pituitary
Action: inhibits pain perception in the brain

Question 12

Growth hormone

Answer 12

Source: anterior pituitary
Action: stimulates bone and muscle growth/lipolysis

Question 13

Oxytocin

Answer 13

Source: hypothalamus
Action: stimulates uterine contractions during labour and milk secretion during lactation

Question 14

ADH (Vasopressin)

Answer 14

Source: hypothalamus
Action: stimulates water reabsorption

Question 15

T3 and T4

Answer 15

Source: Thyroid
Action: stimulates metabolic activity

Question 16

Calcitonin

Answer 16

Source: Thyroid
Action: Decreases blood calcium levels (tones down)

Question 17

Parathyroid Hormone

Answer 17

Source: Parathyroid
Action: Increases blood calcium level

Question 18

Glucocorticoids

Answer 18

Source: adrenal cortex
Action: increase blood glucose levels and decrease protein synthesis; anti-inflammatory processes

Question 19

Mineralcorticoids

Answer 19

Source: adrenal cortex
Action: increases sodium and water reabsorption in kidneys

Question 20

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Answer 20

Source: Adrenal Medulla
Action: Increases blood glucose level and HR

Question 21

Glucagon

Answer 21

Source: Pancreas
Action: stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver, and increases blood glucose

Question 22

Insulin

Answer 22

Source: Pancreas
Action: lowers blood glucose; increases glycogen stores

Question 23

Somatostatin

Answer 23

Source: Pancreas
Action: inhibits secretion of glucagon and insulin

Question 24

Testosterone

Answer 24

Source: Testes
Action: maintains male secondary sex characteristics

Question 25

Estrogen

Answer 25

Source: Ovary/Placenta Action: maintains female secondary sex characteristics

Question 26

Progesterone

Answer 26

Source: ovary/placenta Action: maintains endometrium

Question 27

Melatonin

Answer 27

Source: Pineal Action: regulates sleep-wake cycles

Question 28

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

Answer 28

Source: Heart Action: osmoregulation and vasodilation

Question 29

Thymosin

Answer 29

Source: thymus Action: stimulates T-Cell development

Question 30

Stages of the Menstrual Cycle

Answer 30

1. Follicular: FSH causes growth of follicle 2. Ovulation: LH causes follicle to release egg 3. Luteal: corpus luteum forms 4. Menstruation: endometrial lining sheds

Question 31

Hormones Secreted by the Anterior Pituitary

Answer 31

``` FLAT PEG FSH LH ACTH TSH Prolactin Endorphins Growth Hormone (GH) ```