Endocrine System Flashcards
Hyperpituitarism
Over secretion of pituitary hormones
Acromegaly
Rare, chronic disease where there is an abnormal enlargement of the hands and feet caused by too much secretion of growth hormone after puberty
Gigantism
Abnormal growth of the entire body that is caused by excessive secretion of growth hormones prior to puberty
Galactorrhes
Condition is caused by an excess of prolactin causing the breasts to produce milk apontaneously without childbirth
Short stature
Condition is formerly called swarfism and refers to a deficient secretion of growth hormone
Prolactinoma
Benign tumor in the pituitry causing the gland to produce too much prolactin
Pituitary adenoma
Tumor in the pituitary gland
Diabeyes insipidus
Condition results from an insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone ADH or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to ADH resulting in too much fluid excreted by the kidneys
Pinealoma
Tumor of the pineal gland. Can disrupt the production of melatonin causing insomnia and disruption of the ciradian rhythms
Hyperthyroidism
Condition is caused by an overoduction of thyroid hormones leading to increased metabolic rate, sweating, nervousness and weight loss
Grave’s disease
When the immune system attacks the thyroid gland causing it to make excessive thyroid hormone
Hashimoto’s disease
Also called chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Autoimmune disease where the body’s own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland leading to hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Condition is a deficiency of throid secretion causing fatigue, depression, sensitivity to cold and low meabolic rate
Cretinism
Congenital form of hypothyroidism resulting in arrested physical and mental development
Myxedema
Also called adult hypothyoidism. Extreme deficiency of thyroid hormone secretion
Hyperparathyroidism
Overproduction of the parthyroid hoemone
Hypoparathyroidism
Condition caused by an insufficient or even absent secretion of the parathyroid hromone
Thymitis
Inflammation of the thymus gland
Insulinoma
Condition, a beniagn tumor cause hypoglycemia by secreting excess insulin
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas often caused by long-term alcoholism
Hyperglycemia
High conentration of glucose in the blood
Polydipsia
Refers to excessive thirst
Polyphagia
Refers to excessive hunger
Polyuria
Refers to excessive urination
Hyperunsuinism
Condition refers to excessive secretion of insulin into the bloodstream
Type 1 Diabetes
Autoimmune insulin deficiency disorder caused by destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells resulting in insulin deficiency
Type 2 Diabetes
Consition is an insulin resistance disorder meaning that insulin is produces by the pancreas but the body does not use it effectively
Latent autoimmune diabetes
Condition is known as type 1.5 diabetes where type 1 diabetes develops in adults
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes occurs during some pregnancies and typically disappers after childbirth
Addison’s disease
Condition occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormiones cortisol or aldosterone
Adrenalitis
Inflammation of the adrenal glands
Aldosteronism
Adnormal imbalance of electrolytes caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone
Conn’s syndrome (KON)
Disorder of the adrenal glands is caused by excessive production of aldosterone causing weakness, cramps and convulsions
Cushing’s syndrome
Hypercortisolism caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cartisol from overprduction of cortisol or prolonged use of corticosteroids
Hypergonadism
Condition is caused by excessive secretion of hormones by the sex glands
Hypogonadism
Condition is caused by a deficient secretion of hormones by the sex glands
