Endocrine system Flashcards
State the function of the endocrine system
Control and co-ordination of body activities in conjunction with the nervous system
Describe how the endocrine glands differ from exocrine glands
Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts that carry the secretions into the body cavities, hollow organs or onto he outer surface of the body. Compared to the endocrine glands which secrete their products (hormones) into their surrounding tissue fluid (rather than into ducts) and from there the hormones diffuse into the bloodstream
State 3 functions of the endocrine system that are different to the nervous system
Acts via release of hormones (chemical signals)
Chemical signals travel via the bloodstream
Produces slower responses, effects last longer, broader influence
Define positive feedback
Positive feedback occurs when the response to a change in a controlled condition strengthens or enhances the change
What is the response of the growth hormone?
enhances growth
What is the response of the parathyroid hormone?
Elevates calcium levels in the blood
What is the response of calcitonin?
Lowers calcium levels in the blood
What is the response of thyroxine?
Increases metabolic rate
What is the response of epinephrine/adrenaline?
increases heart rate
What is the response of cortisol?
Helps in heating and injury recovery
What is the response of insulin?
lowers blood glucose
converts glucose to glycogen
Increases uptake in the cells
What is the response of glucagon?
Increases blood glucose
converts glycogen to glucose
What is the response of oestrogen?
essential for egg maturation and development of female secondary sexual characteristics
What is the response of testosterone?
Essential for sperm production and development of male secondary sexual characteristics
