Endocrine System Flashcards
what is a similarity between the endocrine and nervous system
both are internal communication systems
what are functions are the controlled by ES
conception
gestion
parturition
metabolism
digestion
immune response
growth and development
puberty and aging
emotion
what do hormones do
help body adapt to constant changing internal and external environments
what are the 2 kinds of hormones
steroids and proteins
what are steroid hormones
made of lipids, secreted by adrenal cortex and gonads
what are protein hormones
secreted by pituitary gland, thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal medulla
what is the hypothalamus
main conductor of the system, link between ES and NS
what does the hypothalamus do
maintain control of organs,
control and regulate putuitary
control sexual behavior
influence emotional behavior
where is the pituitary gland located
base of brain
what do the pituitary gland do
controls many endorine glands
what does the anterior lobe secrete
GH
LH
FSH
TSH
ACTH
what does the posterior lobe secrete
ADH and ocxycotin
what is a common dysfunction of the the posterior lobe
cushings
what are syptoms of cushings
curly coat
repeated lamenitis
excessive sweating
lethargy
increased urine
enlarged abdomine
where are adrenal glands located
1 on each side
what does the outer cortex do
secretes cortiocosteroids, growth hormones, androgens
what does the inner medulla secretes
catechloamines - epinephrine and neoeprinehprine
what is the main function of thyroid gland
convert iodine from blood to thyroxine
what are sympotoms of hyopthyroid
decreased metabolism
lethargy
hair loss
weight gain
what are symptoms of defiencies in thyroxine
dull hair coat
sensitive to cold
lethargy
failure to produce milk
where is the pineal gland
above and behind the thalamus
what does the pineal gland secrete
melatonin
what is renin
produced by kidneys
starts cycle for water absoroption for restoring bllod volune
how does regular exercise affect the body
stimulates production of hormones
: more circulating hormones in the body affects stamina, agility, courage, ability to carry rider
how does over training affect the body
leaves horse anxious and depressed, lower energy and immunity
what is TSH
produced by anterior lobe of pituitary and stimulates thyriod to produce thyroid hormone
what is FSH
produced by anterior lobe of pituitary
stimulates follicule in mare ovary to develop and enlarges for heat cyle
where is gasterine released
stomach
what is LH
stimulates ovulation, stimulates celles of testes to produce testosterone
what is oxytocin
produced by anterior lobe and indices uterine contraction during sperm transportation, burth and to induce milk let down for foals
differences of ES and NS
ES:
slow communication
chemical messengers (hormones)
effects are long lasting
regulated by hypothalamus
NS:
fast communication
electrical and chemical impulses from nueron to neuron
affects are short term
regulated by CNS
