Endocrine System Flashcards
-State of Balance
-equilibrium
-the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes
Homeostasis
the master of all glands,
at the base of the brain,
stimulates growth and controls the function of other glands.
Pituitary Gland
Deep in the center of the brain,
releases Melatonin,
maintain wake and sleep cycles.
Pineal Gland
Between the kidneys,
Releases Insulin and Glucagon
Regulates blood sugar levels.
Pancreas
Below the voice box,
Releases Thyroxin and Calcitonin,
Regulates body metabolism and storage of calcium in the bones.
Thyroid Gland
Lower Abdomen,
Releases Androgen and Testosterone,
controls maturation and male characteristics.
Testes
In the neck,
Releases Parathyromone,
controls the calcium level in your body, and normalize bone growth.
Parathyroid Gland
Lower abdomen,
Releases Estrogen and Progesterone,
influence female traits, and support reproductive function.
Ovaries
are chemical messengers that are secreted from glands into the blood and affect cells in another part of the body.
Hormones
On top of the kidneys,
Releases Adrenaline,
Prepares the body for action, and controls the heart rate and breathing in times of emergency.
Adrenal Gland
Located below the thalamus and above the pituitary,
Releases Somatostatin and Dopamine,
Involves in the the body’s response to both physical and emotional stress.
Hypothalamus
Located below the thalamus and above the pituitary,
Releases Somatostatin and Dopamine,
Involves in the the body’s response to both physical and emotional stress.
Hypothalamus
cells that have special receptors that “recognize” the hormones and allow them to influence that cell.
Target Cells
What are the happy hormones?
Serotonin
Endorphin
Oxytocin
(Dopamine -> Feel Good Hormone)
a way that the endocrine system tries to keep homeostasis in the body by releasing specific hormones to decrease other specific hormones.
Negative Feedback Loop
a rare occurrence when a release of hormones initiates actions that lead to an additional release of that hormone.
Positive Feedback Loop
an insulin-dependent diabetes where your body attacks your pancreas with antibodies, the organ is damaged and doesn’t make insulin.
Type 1 Diabetes
the pancreas creates insulin but its not enough or your body doesn’t use it like it should.
Type 2 Diabetes
pregnancy usually causes some form of insulin resistance. More risky in baby than the mother.
Gestational Diabetes
insufficient amount of growth hormone.
Dwarfism or Growth hormone deficiency.
abnormal growth due to an excess of growth hormone (GH) during childhood.
Gigantism
