Endocrine-Chemical Coordination

Question 1

Tropic Hormone

Answer 1

Stimulate anendocrine gland to secrete another hormone

Question 2

Hormone Action

Answer 2

Slower/longer lasting than nervous system, close interactions between endocrine and nervous system.

Question 3

Exocrine Glands

Answer 3

secrete via ducts, but not hormones(effects are localized) ex) sweat, scent, sebaceous, salivary

Question 4

Endocrine Glands

Answer 4

ductless, secrete hormones into blood system (have far more reaching influence) ex) pituitary, adrenals, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and pancreas

Question 5

Neurosecretory

Answer 5

specialized nerve cells that release hormones into the blood. ex) hypothalamus, hormones travel to pituitary and are stored

Question 6

Some organs secrete hormones with ducts

Answer 6

ex) testes-testosterone, ovaries-estrogen

Question 7

Chemical Classes of Hormones/Mechanism of Hormone Action

Answer 7

Water soluble hormones work via membrane bound receptors. Amine/Peptide/Protein Hormones.To large to pass through cell membrane, diffuse through blood on own (water soluble). Ex) Norepinephrine/Noradrenline.

Question 8

Bind Cell Receptors On Membrane

Answer 8

(plasma proteins) act as “first messenger)

Question 9

Second Messenger

Answer 9

releases inside cell is triggered ex) ATP - cyclic AMP

Question 10

Solubility

Answer 10

water, lipids

Question 11

Structure

Answer 11

polar, nonpolar

Question 12

Transport

Answer 12

direct, carrier

Question 13

Receptors

Answer 13

outside, inside cell

Question 14

Activation

Answer 14

enzymes, genes that make enzymes

Question 15

Second Messenger Needed

Answer 15

yes or no?

Question 16

Regulation of Hormones

Answer 16

Negative Feedback: usual method, hormone’s effect monitored, production eventually shut off

Question 17

Regulation of Hormones continued..

Answer 17

Positive Feedback: rare, extreme response needed, hormone’s effect reinforced until event outside system shut down.

Question 18

Pituitary Gland

Answer 18

controlled by hypothalamus, neurosecretory cells

Question 19

Anterior Pituitary

Answer 19

Thyroid-stimulating, stimulates production of thyroxine hormone by the thyroid gland. The effects are stimulates metabolic rate growth and development of nervous system

Question 20

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

Answer 20

Stimulates hormone production by adrenal gland. Follide stimulating hormone, egg production, luteinizing hormone (LH) ovulation. Prolactin=breast development, milk production, growth hormone-regulates body growth

Question 21

Posterior Pituitary

Answer 21

Stores releases two hormones produced by Hypothalamus

Question 22

Oxytocin

Answer 22

uterine contraction at birth and milk ejection during suckling

Question 23

Pineal Gland

Answer 23

melatonin, seasonal reproduction cycles (not humans)

Question 24

Parathyroid

Answer 24

parathyroid hormones calcium released from bones and absorption of calcium from food to blood by kidneys

Question 25

Adrenal Cortex

Answer 25

Glucocarticods-food metabolism,

Question 26

Mineral Carticoids

Answer 26

Salt and water balance

Question 27

Adrenal Medulla

Answer 27

epinephrine (adrenaline) and nonrepinephrine (nonadronaline)

Question 28

Pancreas

Answer 28

sugar metabolism

Question 29

Insulin

Answer 29

entry of glucose from blood into cells

Question 30

Glucagon

Answer 30

Liver glycogen-glucose