Endocrine Flashcards
iodide is actively absorbed from the blood by
“idoine pumping”
Na iodine SYMPORTER
in pregnancy
total T4 and T3 will be ____
but Free T4 will be
T3/T4 will be increased
free T4 will be normal in pregnancy
inc BMR by rate of inc Na/K-ATPase activity
Except in
brain gonad spleen
how do you measure thyroid hormone
radioimmunoassay.
PTU and Methimazole
treats hyperthyroidism how
inhibiton of organification of iodine
hormone membrane receptors Q on boards
** oxytocin**
works on which G protein
g-protein Q
stimulates Gq –> inc phosphlipase C3 –> IP3
Q on boards
what is the best method to identify estrogen receptors in breast tumor?
immunohistochemical detection of the estrogen receptor complex in the nuclei of the cells of the tumor
whats the origin of the anterior pituitary
(adenohypophysis)
what tumor arises from the same origin?
ectoderm (rathke pouch)
craniopharyngioma
what embryologic tissue does the posterior pituitary arise from?
neuroectoderm
child with visual field changes (bitemporal hemianopsia)
mri (suprasellar calcifications)
you diagnosis craniopharyngioma
what do you expect on pathology
a lesion formed from cystic spaces filled with thick brown fluid rich in CHOLESTEROL“MACHINE oil fluid”
female with a prolactinoma (pituitary adenoma) is at risk for
osteoporosis
bc dec estrogen due to inhibition of LH and FSH
tx of prolactinoma
cabergoline, (long acting dopamine agonist)
bromocriptin
on boards
pt with signs of prolactinoma
hypercalcemia (parathyroid adenoma)
recurrent duodenal ulcers not responding to tx (zollinger ellison syndrome)
diagnosis
men type 1
all of the causes of inc prolactin
cause an increase of around 40-60
however one causes an inc above 200
what is it
prolactinoma
hypothyroidism
can cause what prolactin to be increased how
prolonged hypothyroidism –> inc TSH and TRH –> dec dopamine –> inc prolactin
estrogen dirctly inhibits what NT outflow
dopamine
thus this can cause inc in prolactin
pt presents with complaint of impotence
he has chronic back pain for which he takes narcotics
why is he having impotence
bc opitates dec dopamine stores –> inc prolactin
excessive growth hormone can cause inc in cartilage growth but not linear growth in adults causing
carpal tunnel syndrome
carpal tunnel syndrome causes to know
- cartilage growth in carpal tunnel by excessive GH
- myxedema
- pregnancy
- RA
- chronic kidney failure (due to B mycroglobulin deposit in the tunnel bc cant be excreted by dailysis)
post partum women (just had baby) presents with
hypotension that doesnt correct with iv fluids
no hx of post partum bleeding
commonly pesents with hormonal def (ACTH)
lmphocytic hypophysitis
not sheehan bc no bleeding
on boards
pt with panhypopituitariosm and hypotension after post partum bleeding
(due to loss of anterior lobe pituitary funciton)
diagnosis
sheenhan
