Endocrine 2.2 Flashcards
Layers of the surrenal gland cortex and associated hormone
zone glomerulare: Minéralocorticoïdes (aldostérone)
zone fascicule: Glucocorticoïdes (cortisol),
zone reticule: Glucocorticoïdes (cortisol), Hormones sexuelles (androtenedione; DHEA)
Medullosurrenal gland hormones
Catécholamines
NorAdrénaline, Adrénaline
What is the source of all steroid hormones?
Cholesterol
True or False,
Mineralocorticoids, in contrast to Glucocorticoïdes, travel in their free from in the plasma
FALSE,
Lié à des protéines plasmatiques for both of them
Action of aldosterone?
◦ Réabsorption sodium
◦ Sécrétion potassium
True or false,
Given their close location for production Mineralocorticoids have similar actions to Glucocorticoïdes,
False
Mineralocorticoids: water and sodium reabsorption
Glucocorticoïdes: inflamation
What triggers the synthesis of glucocorticoids like cortisol?
ACTH
ACTH se lie a un R couplé aux prot G
How does cortisol act on cells?
R cytoplasmique
can either have a stimulating or inhibitory effect
Overall effect of cortisol?
It plays a crucial role in regulating glucose metabolism and promotes gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis in the liver and glycogenolysis in skeletal muscle. It also increases blood glucose levels by reducing glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue, decreasing protein synthesis, and increasing the breakdown of fats into fatty acids.2 Cortisol helps the body respond to stress and manages how the body uses carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland in the brain can sense if the blood contains the right level of cortisol.0
Increase glycemie = inverse of insulin
Augmentation néoglucogénèse
◦ Diminution de l’utilisation de glucose par les tissus
Diminution de la synthèse de protéines et augmentation du catabolisme des protéines
Mobilisation du gras- augmentation des AGL et oxidation
What keeps the cortisol axis balanced?
Sleep
What stimulates the release of cortisol?
ACTH
* Stress
* Heures de sommeil
EXAM EXAM EXAM
True or False
Les médullosurrénales ne sont pas essentielles à la survie.
True
explain the circadian cortisol rhythm
In the morning we have a peak of cortisol and then it drops during the day
Where do Chatecholamines come from?
Medulla of the surrenal gland but specifically:
Substance dérivée de la tyrosine (a.a.)
NE and EP roles and differences?
Think Fight or Flight!!!
Norépinephrine cause la vasoconstriction de la majorité des vaisseaux du corps et augmente l’activité du cœur, inhibe le système GI, dilate la pupille
Épinéphrine a les mêmes effets que la Norépinéphrine sauf pour certains aspects
plus d’effet sur le cœur
augmente davantage le débit cardiaque