ENDOCRINE

Question 1

These 2 types of thyroid cancer involve activation of receptor tyrosine kinases

Answer 1

Papillary

Medullary

Question 2

Patient presents complaining of myalgias and muscle weakness. Tapping on the facial nerve produces contraction of the facial muscles. What do you most expect to find in this patients history?

Answer 2

This is hypoparathyroidism, most often due to accidental excision of the parathyroid glands during thyroid removal. However, it could also be due to autoimmune destruction or DiGeorge syndrome.

Question 3

Patient presents complaining of severe flank pain, nausea, and hematuria. X-ray reveals thin bones, and the patient states that she has also been constipated in addition to her nausea. What is the most likely cause of these findings?

Answer 3

Pituitary adenoma causing primary hyperparathyroidism – stones, bones, groans, and psychic moans.

Question 4

4 cancers associated with hypercalcemia

Answer 4

SCC * most important
Renal cell CA
Breast cancer
Multiple myeloma