Endocrine Flashcards
Osteoporosis
Deficiency in bony matrix (bone mass is decreased).
Caused by accelerated resorption of bone due to
aging, post-menopausal response, Cushing’s syndrome, and prolonged immobilization among other
causes
Osteomalacia/Rickets
Insufficient mineralization or excessive osteoid formation of adult skeleton,
Vitamin d and calcium deficiency
Causes pliable/softened bones and bowing deformities. Rickets is
the pediatric form of the disease.
Pagets
Common chronic metabolic disease
bone destruction followed by periods of repair
resulting in weakened, deformed, and thickened bones which are easily fractured
Atherosclerosis
The build-up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls causing obstruction of
blood flow. Plaques may rupture causing acute occlusion of the artery by clot
Acromegaly
A hormonal disorder
Pituitary gland
. Too much growth hormone
Diabetes Mellitus
A disorder in which the body does not produce enough or respond normally to insulin, causing blood
sugar (glucose) levels to be abnormally high
Thyroid Carcinoma
A cancer of the thyroid
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
most common
slow growing, differentiated cancers
spread to nearby lymph nodes in the
neck
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma
second most common type of thyroid cancer
Low iodine intake
Differentiated
Do not usually spread to lymph nodes
More likely to spread to other organs, lungs, bone
Undifferentiated/Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
most undifferentiated type of thyroid cancer
looks the least like
normal cells of the thyroid gland.
very aggressive form of cancer
quickly spreads to neck and body
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
more aggressive and less differentiated than papillary or follicular cancers.
4 percent of all thyroid cancers will be of the medullary subtype.
More likely to spread to lymph nodes and other organs
