Endocrine Flashcards
What are the major endocrine glands?
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
Islets of langerhans
Adrenal
Testis
Ovaries
What is an endocrine gland?
endocrine glands are ductless glands which secret hormones into the blood stream.
What are hormones responsible for?
Hormones are the secretions that function to maintain homeostasis by changing physiological activities of cells.
What is a mixed gland?
A gland which has both endocrine, as well as exocrine functions. The exocrine function has ducts through which its secretions pass.
What is a double gland?
Give one example
A gland that has 2 parts that differ in their embryological derivation, nature of hormones release and mechanism of neural control.
Pituitary and adrenal are examples.
What is the function of the pituitary gland?
ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR
ANTERIOR
Growth hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Adrenal cortex stimulating hormone
Sex gland stimulating hormone
Mammary gland stimulating hormone
POSTERIOR
Oxytocin
Vasopressin (Antidiuretic hormone)
Where is the pituitary gland located?
It lies in the Sella turcica (Sphenoid bone in the base of the skull.
Where is the thyroid gland located?
Situated blow the larynx and upper part of the trachea. Lies infront of the second, third and fourth tracheal rings.
What is the main control of the thyroid gland?
Releases thyroxine to control metabolic rate of the body.
Where are the adrenal glands located?
On top of the kidneys.
What 2 parts make up the adrenal glands?
Adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
What are the 3 hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex?
Glucocorticoids
Mineral corticoids
Androgens (Male sex hormone)
What are the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla?
Adrenalin (Epinephrine)
Noradrenalin (Norepinephrine)
What are the pancreatic islets?
Clumps of cells located in the pancreas.
What are the endocrine secretions of the pancreas? (Hormone released)
Insulin and glucagon
