Endocrine

Question 1

Hormone

Answer 1

A hormone is a chemical substance that has some sort of control effect on other cells of the body. There are local hormones and general hormones.

Question 2

Amine hormones

Answer 2

– Hormones derived from the amino
acid tyrosine

Ex. thyroid hormones

Question 3

Steroid hormones

Answer 3

– Hormones derived from cholesterol
– Unlike other hormones, they are not stored. They are released as they are produced.

Question 4

peptide hormones

Answer 4

Hormones derived with a protein structure (water soluble

– These are synthesized in endocrine cells as prehormones or prohormones and stored in secretory granules.

ex. insulin

Question 5

down regulation

Answer 5

This is usually a protective mechanism to decrease the responsiveness of the target cell to the hormone.

downgrade receptors

Question 6

Up regulation

Answer 6

A low circulating hormone concentration will cause a target cell to increase its number of receptors. This enhances the target cell’s sensitivity to the hormone.