Endocrine Flashcards
what does hypercalcemia do to QT interval
shortens it
tx for hypercalcemia initially
IV hydration
tx for hypercalcemia due to immobilixation
IV hydratio and loop diuretics
hypocalcemia is a level < then what
8.5
hypocalcemia does what to QT
prolongs it
what is going on in pseudohypoparathyroidism
the receptors to PTH are not working so PTH his hugh, calcium is low and phos is high
what mimcs PTH and treates pseudohypoparathyroidism
calcitriol
nephrotic syndrome causes measured calcuim to look low becuase of what
low albumin
how to calculate ionized calcium when albumin is low
add 0.8 to calcium for every 1 ddrop in albumin
hyperventilation causes a transient resp alkalosis causing what to happen to calcium
hypocalcemia and parasthesisa
initially in Rhabodo calcium levels are
low
liver sends 25 Vit D to the kidney where it is changed to
1,25 Vit D (active form)
familial hypophosphatemic rickets will have what calcium and phos levels
normal or low calcium and low phos
this is a problem with the kidneys turning 25 VIT D to 1,25 and reabsorbing phos in the PCT
tx with oral phos and 1,25Vit D
elevated TSH and low T4 =
hypothyroidism
treating graves in pregnant women, what drug and why
PTU because methamizole is a teratogen but PTU hurts liver so get off after early pregnancy
how do PTU and methamizole work
inhibit T4 production in graves disease
Low calcium and low phos
Severe vitamin D deficiency
Low calcium and high phosphorus
Hypo, parathyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism (hi PTH, but PTH resistance.)
acth levels in addisons are
elevated because the adrenals are not responding
secondary adrenal insufficiency. ACTH levels are
low (no hyponatremia or hyperkalemia seen - aldosterone is present)
tx for primary adrenal Ins.
hydrocortisone (cortisol) and fludricortisone (aldo)
inital tx for adrenal crisis
glucose, cortisone and IV saline
the build up of androgens and reduction of cortisol and aldosterone is
CAH (21 OH deficiency)
what makes a NBS + for CAH
high levels of 17 OH
AH tx
fludricortisone and hydrocortisone
baby girl with septic shock and ambiguous genitalia should make you think
CAH (androgen excess)
what is the tx for primary AD vs secondary
primary - hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone
secondary - just hydrocortisone because renin angiotensin is fine
CAH is due to a deficiency in what enzyme
21 hydroxylase
what lab is high in 21 OH deficiency
17 OH
decreased steroid and sex hormone production and increased aldo is what kind of CAH
17OH deficiency
micropenis is classified as a penile length less than
2cm
