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Cardiology Year 1 > Endocarditis > Flashcards

Endocarditis Flashcards

1
Q

most common cause of acute IE?

A

staph aureus

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2
Q

most common cause subacute IE?

A

viridans streptococci

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3
Q

what commonly causes IE in patients with prosthetic heart valves?

A

staph epidermidis

can be days to years after

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4
Q

what are atypical causes of IE?

A

coxiella burnetti, HACEK bacteria, brucella, fungi

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5
Q

what are the symptoms of subacute IE?

A

fever
malaise
weight loss
tiredness
dysponoea

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6
Q

clinical signs of IE?

A
  • New/changed heart murmur
  • Finger clubbing
  • Splinter haemmorrhages
  • Splenomegaly
  • Roth spots
  • Janeway lesions
  • Osler nodes
  • Microscopic haematuria
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7
Q

what are the timings of taking blood cultures in patients with acute & subacute endocarditis?

A

acute - 1 hour
subacute- 6 hours

3 cultures taken

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8
Q

what is a feature of HACEK organisms that is an issue?

A

they very slowly grow, so there can be false negatives/ missed

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9
Q

when is serolgy used?

A

to test for atypicals if cultures are negative

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10
Q

what is the name of the criteria to rule in/ out IE?

A

Dukes Criteria

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11
Q

colonoscopy can be given to patients with which bacteria?

A

patients with strep bovis

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12
Q

What is the empiric treatment for native valve acute Infectious endocarditis?

A

Flucloxacillin IV

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13
Q

What is the empiric treatment for native valve subacute Infectious endocarditis?

A

Amoxicillin and Gentamicin IV

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14
Q

What is the empiric treatment for infectious endocarditis in patients with a prosthetic valve?

A

Vancomycin and Gentamicin IV
add rifampicin PO days 3 to 5

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15
Q

What is the empiric treatment for infectious endocarditis by suspected MRSA?

A

Vancomycin and Gentamicin IV
add rifampicin PO days 3 to 5

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16
Q

what is the empiric treatment for PWID? (people who inject drugs)

A

flucloxacillin IV

17
Q

confirmed staph aureus should be given which treatment?

A

flucloxacillin IV

18
Q

What treatment should be given for infectious endocarditis following confirmed viridans streptococci infection?

A

benzyl penicillin and gentamicin IV

19
Q

benzylpenicillin and gentamicin IV are given for what?

A

infectious endocarditis following confirmed viridans streptococci infection

20
Q

What treatment should be given for infectious endocarditis following confirmed MRSA infection?

A

Vancomycin and Gentamicin IV
add rifampicin PO days 3 to 5

21
Q

What treatment should be given for infectious endocarditis following confirmed Enterococcus sp. infection?

A

amoxicillin/ vancomycin and gentamicin IV

22
Q

What treatment should be given for patients with infectious endocarditis if the doctor is not sure whether staph aureus or staph epidermidis caused it?

A

vancomycin

Cardiology Year 1 (8 decks)

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