Endocardite Infectieuse Flashcards

1
Q

Endocardite Infectieuse : def, physiopatho

A

infection valve cardiaque par bactérie++. +60ans++
inflamm de l’endocarde + adhesion bact sur lesion
==> lesion proliferante fibrine/plaq/mo = risque embol
embol septiq = libere Ag, Ac-Ag = destruction valvulaire/abces/perfo.
atteinte Ao/Mitral = embol systemique. Tricu/Pulmo = embol pulmo
greffe endocardiq favorisé par valvulopathie sous jacente/corps étranger.

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2
Q

haut risque d’EI
3 types
prophylaxie ?

A

prothese valvulaire
ATCD EI
CP congenitale cyanogene + deriv chir.

bonne hygiene dentaire + 2g PO DU amox avant geste dentaire ONLY

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3
Q

3 pathogenes des EI

A

staph+strepto = 80%
- Staph = S.Aureus ++ prothese
- Strepto = valves natives
BGN/HACCEK

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4
Q

clinique EI

A

fievre + souffle cardiaque = evoquer EI+++
sepsis + degats valvulaires = insuffisance valvulaire = defaillance cardiaque.
autres signes = AEG/SMG/toux/anomalie FO lombalgie/arthralgie/purpura petechial.
risque foyers secondaires : peut toucher tous les organes.

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5
Q

EComplé et bio EI

A

hemoc + echocardio (ETT+ETO)

+ECG, RxTho, BU/ECBU, bilan bio “systémique”

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6
Q

criteres Duke University

A

pour EI. orientation diag only. diag+ = anapath
majeurs = atteinte endocarde ETT/ETO. 2+hemoc+
mineurs = CP a risq/tox IV. fievre, tb vascu/immuno.

/!\ EI a hemoc- = ATB jusqu’a 15j avant ou germe IC/croissance difficile.

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7
Q

complications EI

CREN

A
C = IC/TdConduction/extension inf (abces/rupture cordage)
R = infarct renal/IR/ glomerulonephrite (immuno?)
Emboliq = silencieux++ = accident vascu (AVC+)
neuro = infarct neuro/hemorragie cerebrale
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8
Q

EI : ttt med

A

biATB bactericide, parenterale FD selon GERME/CMI/ATBGRAMME
proba = augmentin (C3G si CI) 12g/j + genta
- surveillance taux seriq ATB++
si strepto = non compliqué = bithrap 2S, compliqué = + monotherap 2S.
si SAMR sur valve native = vanco 4/6S + genta 5j

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9
Q

EI : ttt chir

3 indications

A

valvuloplastie/remplacement SSI :

  • IC refractaire
  • infection non controlée
  • prophylaxie si gros VG + risq embol
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10
Q

EI : surveillance

prevention

A
  • microbio et cliniq = dim fievre et signes/complications, hemoc deviennent - DOSAGE ATB.
  • cardio = auscult 2x/j modif souffle ? dim IC. + echo a J8 et J15

prevention = identifier patient a risque. hygiene buccodentaire. carte, prevenir soignants, prophylaxie si besoin.

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