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Surgery EOR > Endo Surgery > Flashcards

Endo Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

S/S of adrenal carcinoma

A

Sx related to the part of the adrenal gland where the tumor is
Constitutional sx
Palpable abdominal mass

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2
Q

Diagnosis of adrenal carcinoma

A

FNA
Hormonal evaluation

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3
Q

Treatment of adrenal carcinoma

A

Complete resection

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4
Q

MCC of hypercalcemia

A

Primary hyperparathyroidism

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5
Q

Etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Single parathyroid adenoma

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6
Q

S/S of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Often asymptomatic
Bones, stones, groans, psychiatric overtones

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7
Q

Diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Elevation of PTH
24 hour urine calcium

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8
Q

Interpretation of 24 hour urine calcium

A

200-300: likely PHPT and excludes FHH
Less than 200: FHH

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9
Q

Management of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Routine monitoring
Parathyroidectomy
Bisphosphonates

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10
Q

Etiology of secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Chronic kidney disease

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11
Q

Etiology of hyperthyroidism

A

Autoimmune

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12
Q

S/S of hyperthyroidism

A

Anxiety
Palpitations
Heat intolerance
Weight loss
Bulging eyes

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13
Q

Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism

A

TSH and T4
Iodine uptake
Ultrasound

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14
Q

Treatment of hyperthyroidism

A

PTU or methimazole
BB for sx

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15
Q

Etiology of pheochromocytoma

A

Tumor in the adrenal medulla

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16
Q

S/S of pheochromocytoma

A

Palpitations
HA
Sweating
HTN

17
Q

Diagnosis of pheochromocytoma

A

Plasma free metanephrines

18
Q

Treatment of pheochromocytoma

A

Removal of tumor

19
Q

Most common thyroid cancer

A

Papillary

20
Q

Which thyroid cancer is likely to metastasize to distant sites?

A

Follicular

21
Q

Thyroid cancer that secretes calcitonin

A

Medullary

22
Q

Most aggressive thyroid cancer

A

Anaplastic

23
Q

S/S of thyroid cancer

A

Palpable, firm, nontender thyroid nodule
Often asx

24
Q

Diagnosis of thyroid cancer

A

US
Biopsy

25
Q

Treatment of thyroid cancer

A

> 1 cm mass known to be cancer: total thyroidectomy
< 1 cm known to be cancer: lobectomy
< 4 cm indeterminate lesion: lobectomy
4 cm indeterminate lesion: total thyroidectomy

26
Q

Diagnosis of thyroid nodule

A

Labs
US
RAI uptake
FNA

27
Q

Cold vs. hot thyroid nodules

A

Cold: higher cancer risk
Hot: lower cancer risk

28
Q

Indications for FNA

A

> 1 cm and suspicious
2 cm
Associated cervical LAN
Growth

29
Q

Resting tremor

A

Occurs in a body part that is fully supported, relaxed, and not voluntarily activated

30
Q

Action postural tremor

A

Occurs in an attempt to maintain a specific posture or position against the force of gravity

31
Q

Action kinetic tremor

A

During voluntary movement

32
Q

Action isometric tremor

A

Occurs during a muscle contraction against a rigid, stationary object

33
Q

Intentional tremor

A

Worsens as the body part approaches its target

34
Q

Treatment of essential tremor

A

Propranolol
Primidone

Surgery EOR (12 decks)

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