Endo Drugs Flashcards
2 interactions of insulin
warfarin and aspirin (caution)
how is insulin given (mode)
sub-cut
what class is gliclazide
sulphonylurea
gliclazide mechanism
stimulates insulin release
only if B cells are functional
side effects of gliclazide
hypoglycaemia
so don’t give in ketoacidosis
Metformin class
biguanide
metformin mechanism
inhibits glucoenogenesis by blocking glucagon
doesn’t cause hypos
2 indications of metformin
T2DM
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (relationship between insulin and oestrogen)
2 side effects of metformin
Weight Loss
GI Upset
Mechanism of Levothyroxine
Identical to T4
ie thyroid hormone replacement
Contraindication of levothyroxine
thyrotyoxicosis (Ie symptoms resulting from Hyperthyroidism)
3 side effects of leovthyroxine
tremor
arrythmias
weight loss
Mechanism of carbimazole
anti thyroid medication
inhibits Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO)- stopping T3/T4 production
2 contraindications of carbimazole
severe blood disorders
pregnancy
Alendronate mechanism
inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption
i.e stops osteoclasts from breaking down bone and releasing calcium into the blood
contraindication of alendronate
hypocalcaemia
as it lowers blood calcium levels by keeping it in the bone
2 side effects of alendronate
oesophagitis if taken orally
stomach upset
what is colecalciferol and calcium carbonate
colecalciferol is Vit D3 supplement
Calcium carbonate is calcium supplement
so given in Vit D3 and calcium deficiency
Vit D is needed to absorb calcium so necessary for strong bones
which drug increases the toxicity of colecalciferol
digoxin
what is the mechanism of fludrocortisone
mineralcorticoid
aldosterone replacement
so retains sodium/ water and excretes K+
Side effect of fludrocortisone
hypokalaemia (promotes excretion of K+)
2 indications of fludrocortisone
adrenocortical insufficiency (when you have low aldosterone)
Addison’s (because it causes sodium excretion)
example/ suffix of DPP4 inhibitors
gliptins
other use for DPP4 inhibitors (gliptins)
cardioprotective
