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Drug Key Points > Endo Drugs > Flashcards

Endo Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

2 interactions of insulin

A

warfarin and aspirin (caution)

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2
Q

how is insulin given (mode)

A

sub-cut

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3
Q

what class is gliclazide

A

sulphonylurea

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4
Q

gliclazide mechanism

A

stimulates insulin release

only if B cells are functional

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5
Q

side effects of gliclazide

A

hypoglycaemia

so don’t give in ketoacidosis

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6
Q

Metformin class

A

biguanide

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7
Q

metformin mechanism

A

inhibits glucoenogenesis by blocking glucagon

doesn’t cause hypos

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8
Q

2 indications of metformin

A

T2DM

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (relationship between insulin and oestrogen)

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9
Q

2 side effects of metformin

A

Weight Loss

GI Upset

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10
Q

Mechanism of Levothyroxine

A

Identical to T4

ie thyroid hormone replacement

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11
Q

Contraindication of levothyroxine

A

thyrotyoxicosis (Ie symptoms resulting from Hyperthyroidism)

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12
Q

3 side effects of leovthyroxine

A

tremor

arrythmias

weight loss

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13
Q

Mechanism of carbimazole

A

anti thyroid medication

inhibits Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO)- stopping T3/T4 production

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14
Q

2 contraindications of carbimazole

A

severe blood disorders

pregnancy

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15
Q

Alendronate mechanism

A

inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption

i.e stops osteoclasts from breaking down bone and releasing calcium into the blood

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16
Q

contraindication of alendronate

A

hypocalcaemia

as it lowers blood calcium levels by keeping it in the bone

17
Q

2 side effects of alendronate

A

oesophagitis if taken orally

stomach upset

18
Q

what is colecalciferol and calcium carbonate

A

colecalciferol is Vit D3 supplement

Calcium carbonate is calcium supplement

so given in Vit D3 and calcium deficiency

Vit D is needed to absorb calcium so necessary for strong bones

19
Q

which drug increases the toxicity of colecalciferol

A

digoxin

20
Q

what is the mechanism of fludrocortisone

A

mineralcorticoid

aldosterone replacement

so retains sodium/ water and excretes K+

21
Q

Side effect of fludrocortisone

A

hypokalaemia (promotes excretion of K+)

22
Q

2 indications of fludrocortisone

A

adrenocortical insufficiency (when you have low aldosterone)

Addison’s (because it causes sodium excretion)

23
Q

example/ suffix of DPP4 inhibitors

A

gliptins

24
Q

other use for DPP4 inhibitors (gliptins)

A

cardioprotective

25
Q

suffix for SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

Gliflozins

26
Q

mechanism of SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

gliflozins

decrease glucose reabsorption and increase urinary glucose excretion

27
Q

side effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

DKA

28
Q

example of GLP-1 analogue

A

Exenatide

29
Q

GLP-1 analogue mechanism

A

increase insulin release by increases incretin levels

30
Q

Pioglitazone mechanism

A

reduced peripheral insulin resistance

31
Q

side effect of pioglitazone

A

bladder cancer

Drug Key Points (6 decks)

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