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HD3 Endocrine > Endo 5 - Lipids > Flashcards

Endo 5 - Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

major function of triglycerides

A

fuel

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2
Q

major function of cholesterol

A

hormone synthesis

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3
Q

how are lipids txp in blood

A

lipoproteins duh

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4
Q

what is the function of apoproteins

A

barcode - identification

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5
Q

what are the 6 types of lipoproteins

A

chylomycron, VLDL, chylo remnants, IDL, LDL, HDL

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6
Q

if the lipoprotein is low density, what is the predominant molecule

A

TG

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7
Q

which lipoprotein uses ApoA

A

HDL

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8
Q

which lipoprotein allows for LPL to chew off TG

A

ApoCII

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9
Q

what is the ligand for liver ApoB/ApoE receptors

A

ApoB 100

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10
Q

which lipoprotein allows liver to remove chylo remnants, VLDL, and IDL

A

ApoE

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11
Q

T/F ApoE is present in LDL

A

FALSE

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12
Q

if you have 100 apoB, how many particles do you have

A

100

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13
Q

which particle is apoB not present

A

HDL

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14
Q

which is more atherogenic, high # of small particles or small # of large particles

A

high # of small

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15
Q

what is the exogenous pathway for lipid disposal

A

dietary lipids moved into tissues

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16
Q

what is the endogenous pathway for lipid disposal

A

moves TG and cholesterol made in liver to tissues

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17
Q

what is the reverse cholesterol pathway for lipid disposal

A

moves choles fro mcells back to liver for bile excretion

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18
Q

what does hepatic lipase do

A

lipolizes IDL and HDL

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19
Q

what are the two receptors that can clear VLDL, IDL and remnants

A

Remant receptor and ApoB/E receptor

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20
Q

how is LDL cleared from blood

A

liver ApoB/E receptor

21
Q

what enzyme converts nascent HDL into mature HDL

A

LCAT

22
Q

what is the action of LCAT

A

FC into CE

23
Q

how are CE from HDL moved to remnants/vldl/ldl/idl

A

CETP

24
Q

what is the effect on HDL after inhibition of CETP

A

increased HDL levels

25
Q

what is exchanged for CE via CETP

A

TG

26
Q

what is primary hyperlipidemia

A

genetic

27
Q

how do drugs affect lipid level

A

increase VLDL (except anabolic steroids - LDL)

28
Q

what does DM do to lipids

A

increase VLDL

29
Q

what does liver/biliary disease do to lipids

A

makes abnormal lipoproteins => hyperlipidemia

30
Q

how does hypothyroid cause hyperlipidemia

A

decreases clearance of lipoproteins

31
Q

how does nephrotic syndrome cause hyperlipidemia

A

increases apoB production

32
Q

what are 4 ways you can have decreased lipoprotein clearance

A

bad LPL/ApoCII, abnormal apoB/E, abnormal apoB/E receptor, not enough apoB/E receptors

33
Q

what is an eye-sign of high cholesterol

A

corneal arcus < age 50

34
Q

what is a periorbital sign of high C/TG

A

xanthelasma

35
Q

what is a tendon sign of high C

A

tendinous xanthoma

36
Q

what is a palmar sign of high remnants

A

palmar xanthoma

37
Q

what is a retinal sign of high chylo

A

lipemia retinalis

38
Q

what is a cutaneous sign of high chylo

A

eruptive xanthoma

39
Q

what is a general sign of high TG/low HDL

A

central obesity

40
Q

how do you calculate VLDL

A

TG/5 (only if TG < 400)

41
Q

what defect is present in familial hypercholesterolemia (Iia)

A

LDL receptor defect - associated with ASCVD

42
Q

T/F hypertriglyceridemia is associated with ASCVD

A

FALSE

43
Q

what is the defect in hypertrigly

A

VLDL overproduction

44
Q

what is the defect in combined hyperlipidemia

A

ApoB overproduction

45
Q

defect in hyperchylo

A

LPL/ApoCII defect

46
Q

drugs that decrease cholesterol production

A

statins, niacin

47
Q

drugs that increase cholesterol clearance

A

bile acid - increase LDL receptors

48
Q

drug that decreases chol absorption

A

ezetimide

49
Q

drug for high TG

A

fibrates

HD3 Endocrine (9 decks)

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