Endo 2 - Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus

Question 1

location of pituitary gland

Answer 1

sella (saddle shaped cavity in sphenoid)

Question 1

% of pituitary that is anterior

Answer 1

80%

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2 nuclei of the posterior pituitary

Answer 1

paraventricular and supraoptic

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2 posterior pit hormones

Answer 1

ADH and oxytocin

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function of ADH

Answer 1

inhibits diuresis

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function of oxytocin

Answer 1

control uterine contraction and breast milk release

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embryologic origin of ant pit

Answer 1

rathke’s pouch

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location of AP hormones

Answer 1

formed in HT and released to suprahypophyseal into AP

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normal secretion of HT hormones

Answer 1

pulsing - makes replacement therapy difficult

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T/F can measure HT hormones

Answer 1

F - only travel in portal system

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method of secretion of AP hormones

Answer 1

pulsing

Question 1

effect of low testosterone on kisspeptin transcription

Answer 1

increases transcription

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primary disease location

Answer 1

target organ

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secondary disease location

Answer 1

pituitary

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tertiary disease location

Answer 1

HT

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3 questions for pituitary tumor

Answer 1

1 - hormones?
2 - mass effect?
3 - mass effect affecting other pituitary hormones?

Question 1

Tx of hyperprolactinemia

Answer 1

DA agonist

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acral definition

Answer 1

tip or extremity

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acromegaly

Answer 1

long tips

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what happens if you get GH excess before puberty

Answer 1

gigantism

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muscle effects of GH excess

Answer 1

bigger muscle, heart disease

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mass effects of GH excess

Answer 1

headache, pituitary insufficiency

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test of acromegaly

Answer 1

IGF-1 … or GH > 1 ug/ml after oral glucose load

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tx of acromegaly

Answer 1

surgery, somatostatin, GH receptor antagonist, radiation therapy

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mass effect on pituitary

Answer 1

first GH, FSH, and LH then TSH and ACTH – prolactin last

Question 1

hormone levels of pituitary and target organ in pituitary failure

Answer 1

low/low

Question 1

hormone levels of pit and target in target failure

Answer 1

high/low