End Of Unit Feb

Question 1

Factors affecting formation of attitude

Answer 1

Past experiences
Significant others
Parents
Media

Question 2

Components of attitudes

Answer 2

Cognitive component (beliefs)

Affective component (feelings)

Behavioural component (behaviour)

Question 3

Methods of changing attitudes

Answer 3

Verbal persuasion

Cognitive Dissonance

Question 4

Factors affecting quality of verbal persuasion

Answer 4

The person doing the persuading (high status)

Quality of message (clear/concise/accurate)

Characteristics of the person (level of performer)

Question 5

Factors affecting quality of cognitive dissonance

Answer 5

A change in the cognitive/affective/behavioural components creates dissonance.

Cognitive (changing what they believe)
Affective (changing how they feel)
Behavioural (changing their behaviour)

When all 3 components of attitude are changed, there is a drive to re establish consonance

Question 6

Definition of personality

Answer 6

The way in which we interact with the environment and other people, which makes us unique.

Question 7

Trait theory

Answer 7

Personality is generalised, meaning behaviour is predictable and based on inherent traits.

Type A:
Impatient/Intolerant/High Stress

Type B:
Relaxed/Tolerant/Low Stress

Question 8

Trait theory (trait personality)

Answer 8

(Stable) Personality traits are constant and predictable.
(Neurotic) Personality varies and is unpredictable.
(Extrovert) Sociable/Lack concentration/Likes excitement/Low RAS.
(Introvert) Unsociable/Effective concentration/Shy/High RAS

Question 9

Social learning theory

Answer 9

Personality is learnt and changes with the environment/situation.

We observe and copy behaviour and learning requires reinforcement.

More efficient if significant other of same sex

Question 10

Interactionist Theory

Answer 10

Personality is determined by interaction of someone’s traits and the environment.

Behaviour changes depending on demands of situation/environment.

Personality isn’t predictable.

Question 11

Interactionist theory (levels of personality)

Answer 11

Psychological core - not affected by the environment (general qualities)

Typical responses - the way we usually respond to a certain situation

Role-related behaviour - when our response changes due to circumstance