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CCFD 42A Pharmacology > EMT Basic Medications (Drug Box) > Flashcards

EMT Basic Medications (Drug Box) Flashcards

1
Q

Activated Charcoal (Action)

A

adsorbs toxic substances from the GI tract

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2
Q

Activated Charcoal (Indication)

A

most oral poisoning and medication overdoses

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3
Q

Activated Charcoal (Contraindications)

A

patient is comatose; ingestions of corrosives, causetics, and petroleum distillates

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4
Q

Activate Charcoal (Routes)

A

PO

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5
Q

Activated Charcoal (Interactions)

A

bonds with and generally inactivates whatever it is mixed with

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6
Q

Activated Charcoal (Adult dose)

A

1-2 g/kg

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7
Q

Activated Charcoal (Special Considerations)

A

pregnancy class C; mix thoroughly before administration

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8
Q

Aspirin (Action)

A

prevents formation of thromboxane A2

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9
Q

Aspirin (Indications)

A

acute chest pain

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10
Q

Aspirin (Contraindications)

A

active ulcer disease; asthma

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11
Q

Aspirin (Route)

A

PO

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12
Q

Aspirin (Side Effects)

A

Bronchospasm; anaphylaxis; wheezing in allergic patients; prolonged hemorrhage

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13
Q

Activated Charcoal (Side Effects)

A

Can induce fatal form of pneumonitis if aspirated

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14
Q

Aspirin (Interactions)

A

use with caution in patients allergic to NSAIDs

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15
Q

Aspirin (Adult Dose)

A

162-324 mg

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16
Q

Aspirin (Special Considerations)

A

pregnancy class D

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17
Q

Albuterol (Action)

A

selective beta-2 agonist

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18
Q

Albuterol (indications)

A

bronchospasm

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19
Q

Albuterol (Contraindications)

A

tachycardia; dysrhythmias

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20
Q

Albuterol (Routes)

A

Inhaled

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21
Q

Albuterol (Side Effects)

A

headache; fatigue; tachycardia

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22
Q

Albuterol (Interactions)

A

beta-blockers may block pulmonary effects

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23
Q

Albuterol (Adult Dose)

A

2.5 - 5 mg in 3 mL NS (each)

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24
Q

Albuterol (Special Considerations)

A

pregnancy class C; coach patient on proper breathing during administration

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25
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) Epipen (Action)

A

alpha and beta agonist

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26
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Indications)

A

allergic reaction; anaphylaxis

27
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Contraindications)

A

none in the emergency setting

28
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Routes)

A

IM

29
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Side Effects)

A

hypertension; tachycardia

30
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Interactions)

A

potentiates other alpha and beta agonists

31
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Adult dose)

A

0.3 - 0.5 mg

32
Q

Epinephrine (1:1,000) [Epi-pen] (Special Considerations)

A

Pregnancy class C; contraindicated in patients in active labor

33
Q

Naloxone (Action)

A

competetive inhibition at narcotic receptor sites

34
Q

Naloxone (Indications)

A

opiate overdose with respiratory depression / arrest

35
Q

Naloxone (Contraindications)

A

use caution in patients with narcotic-dependence

36
Q

Naloxone (Routes)

A

IM, IV, IO, IN

37
Q

Naloxone (Interactions)

A

incompatible with bisulfite and alkaline solutions

38
Q

Naloxone (Adult Dose)

A

0.4 - 2 mg q 5 minutes (up to 10 mg total)

39
Q

Naloxone (Special Considerations)

A

Pregnancy class C; beware of potential violent behavior

40
Q

Nitroglycerin (Action)

A

vasodilator (smooth muscle relaxant)

41
Q

Nitroglycerin (Indications)

A

acute chest pain; HTN; pulmonary edema

42
Q

Nitroglycerin (Contraindications)

A

hypotension; head injury; pericardial tamponade

43
Q

Nitroglycerin (Routes)

A

SL

44
Q

Nitroglycerin (Side Effects)

A

headache; weakness; dizziness; hypotension

45
Q

Nitroglycerin (Interaction)

A

additive with other vasodilators

46
Q

Nitroglycerin (Adult Dose)

A

0.4 mg q 3 - 5 minutes (up to 3 doses)

47
Q

Nitroglycerin (Special Considerations)

A

Pregnancy class C; ensure vascular access is established prior to administration

48
Q

Oral Glucose (Action)

A

Absorbed into GI tract and spread systemically providing increase in circulation blood glucose levels

49
Q

Oral Glucose (Indications)

A

conscious patients with suspected hypoglycemia

50
Q

Oral Glucose (Contraindications)

A

decreased LOC; N/V

51
Q

Oral Glucose (Routes)

A

PO

52
Q

Oral Glucose (Side Effects)

A

N/V

53
Q

Oral Glucose (Interactions)

A

None

54
Q

Oral Glucose (Adult Dose)

A

25 g

55
Q

Oral Glucose (Special Considerations)

A

must be swallowed, not absorbed subligually or buccally; check BGL prior to and at least 10 minutes after administration

56
Q

Oxygen (Action)

A

reverses hypoxemia

57
Q

Oxygen (Indication)

A

hypoxemia

58
Q

Oxygen (Contraindications)

A

certain patients with COPD will not tolerate oxygen concentration over 35%; hyperventilation

59
Q

Oxygen (Routes)

A

Inhaled

60
Q

Oxygen (Side Effects)

A

decreased LOC (COPD patients); decreased respiratory drive (COPD patients)

61
Q

Oxygen (Interactions)

A

None

62
Q

Oxygen (Adult Dose)

A

100 % 10-15 lpm (NRB); 100% 1-6 lpm (NC)

63
Q

Oxygen (Special Considerations)

A

Supports combustion

CCFD 42A Pharmacology (6 decks)

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