EMT Basic - Medical Scenarios #1 Flashcards
Your patient is not responding to your loud verbal stimuli. You find the following medications: Glucophage and Lipitor. What is the likely cause of the patient’s problem?
Select one:
A. High cholesterol
B. High blood pressure
C. Diabetic reaction
D. Coronary Artery Disease
C. Diabetic reaction
Your neuro assessment of an unresponsive patient reveals pinpoint pupils. What is your primary field diagnosis?
Select one:
A. Beta-blocker overdose
B. Insulin overdose
C. Aspirin
D. Narcotic
D. Narcotic
Your patient is a known diabetic who takes up to four insulin injections a day. Today he is found unresponsive, diaphoretic, and tachycardic. He is also only breathing 18 times a minute. What is likely the patient’s chief medical issue?
Select one:
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Cardiovascular Event (CVA)
D. Hypertensive crisis
A. Hypoglycemia
You find that your diabetic patient is hypoglycemic. You have oral glucose to give to the patient. You will give 15 grams of instant glucose to the patient except if they are ___________?
Select one:
A. Conscious with blood sugar of 80mg/dl
B. Conscious with an altered mental status and blood sugar of 80mg/dl
C. Semi-conscious with gag reflex and the ability to swallow
D. Semi-conscious without the ability to swallow
C. Semi-conscious without the ability to swallow
Which of the following is an often fatal complication of diabetes and is also the first indication of diabetes in many young patients?
Select one:
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Cardiovascular disease
D. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
D. Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following signs and symptoms:
Acetone on breath, dry skin, poor skin turgor, altered mental status, confusion, thirst, and frequent urination.
What other symptoms are associated with DKA?
Select one:
A. Normal Mental Status
B. Appearance of Intoxication
C. Tremors
D. Diaphoresis
B. Appearance of Intoxication
There are two types of cerebral vascular accidents (i.e., strokes). The most common is an ischemic stroke. What is the other type?
Select one:
A. Transient Ischemic Attack
B. Hemorrhagic
C. Thrombotic
D. Embolic
A. Transient Ischemic Attack
For a condition to be diagnosed as a transient ischemic attack (TIA), the symptoms must be resolved in 24 hours ______________?
Select one:
A. With some minor deficits
B. With some major long-lasting effects
C. Without any memory effects
D. Without any permanent effects
D. Without any permanent effects
To assess a patient with a stroke, there are two major assessment tools: the Cincinnati Stroke Scale and the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen. Which one of these two tools uses arm drift as a diagnostic tool?
Select one:
A. Neither
B. Cincinnati Stroke Scale
C. Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen
D. Both
D. Both
Stroke symptoms often present the same as other medical problems. To prevent improper treatment for the signs and symptoms, working through the differentials is a must.
Hypoglycemia is often mistaken for a CVA. How can a clinician rule in or out this differential?
Select one:
A. Check pupils
B. Check blood sugar
C. Check grips
D. Check arm drift
B. Check blood sugar
The clinician’s best role in the assessment and treatment of a stroke patient is rapid recognition and transport to a stroke center.
What is the window of opportunity from the onset of symptoms until treatment?
Select one:
A. Any time before symptoms resolve
B. Three hours
C. In the first 24 hours
D. Once you have a stroke there is no chance to fix it
C. In the first 24 hours
Transport as soon as possible
Statements from patients are used as assessment tools. Which of the following statements about stroke symptoms should cause the clinician to use a higher index of suspicion?
Select one:
A. This is the worst headache I have ever had.
B. This headache is behind my right eye.
C. My head is throbbing.
D. Bright light causes my head to hurt worse.
A. This is the worst headache I have ever had.
