Question 1

A 19-year-old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong, and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should: Select one: A. administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital. B. position her legs well above the level of her heart. C. advise her to see her physician as soon as possible. D. request a paramedic unit to administer epinephrine.

Accepted Answer

A. administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital.

Question 2

A 37-year-old male is having a severe allergic reaction to penicillin. He does not have an epinephrine auto-injector and your protocols do not allow you to carry epinephrine on the ambulance. How should you proceed with the treatment of this patient? Select one: A. Quickly determine if there are any bystanders who may carry epinephrine. B. Remain at the scene with the patient and request a paramedic ambulance. C. Ask the patient if he has any diphenhydramine tablets that you can administer. D. Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept.

Accepted Answer

D. Administer oxygen, transport at once, and request a paramedic intercept.

Question 3

After administering 0.3 mg of epinephrine via auto-injector to a 22-year-old woman with an allergic reaction, you note improvement in her breathing and dissipation of her hives. However, she is still anxious and tachycardic. You should: Select one: A. transport her rapidly, as it is obvious that she is having a severe reaction to the epinephrine. B. contact medical control and obtain authorization to administer another 0.3 mg of epinephrine. C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine. D. consider administering 0.15 mg of epinephrine to completely resolve her allergic reaction.

Accepted Answer

C. monitor her closely but recall that anxiety and tachycardia are side effects of epinephrine.

Question 4

Anaphylaxis caused by stinging insects is typically an allergic reaction to ____________ rather than the bite or sting itself. Select one: A. injected poison B. irritating toxin C. deadly venom D. All of these answers are correct.

Accepted Answer

D. All of these answers are correct.

Question 5

Anaphylaxis is MOST accurately defined as a(n): Select one: A. extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems. B. severe allergic reaction that typically resolves without treatment. C. moderate allergic reaction that primarily affects the vasculature. D. allergic reaction that causes bronchodilation and vasoconstriction.

Accepted Answer

A. extreme allergic reaction that may affect multiple body systems.

Question 6

At the site of the injury, signs and symptoms of an animal or insect bite or sting may include pain, localized heat, and a wheal, which appears as __________. Select one: A. an uncomfortable depression in the skin B. a series of small, raised pustules C. a raised, well-defined area of the skin D. a large area of red, blotchy skin

Accepted Answer

C. a raised, well-defined area of the skin

Question 7

Care for a victim of an immunologic emergency who is severely hypotensive should include which of the following? Select one: A. Routine spinal immobilization due to the potential for traumatic injury B. Initiate basic life support measures, including the use of an automated external defibrillator, if necessary. C. Position the patient's airway and initiate positive-pressure ventilations. D. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient's body temperature.

Accepted Answer

D. Apply high-flow oxygen therapy, place the patient in a shock position, and help maintain the patient's body temperature.

Question 8

Epinephrine stimulates the ________ response, increasing blood pressure, and relieving bronchospasm. Select one: A. respiratory B. sympathetic C. parasympathetic D. cardiac

Accepted Answer

B. sympathetic

Question 9

Patients may experience allergic reactions to which of the following substances? Select one: a. Food and medications b. All of these answers are correct. c. d. Plant material e. Insect or animal bites and stings

Accepted Answer

b. All of these answers are correct.

Question 10

The adult epinephrine auto-injector delivers ______ mg of epinephrine, and the infant-child auto-injector delivers ______ mg. Select one: A. 0.3; 0.15 B. 0.1; 0.01 C. 0.03; 0.3 D. 0.01; 0.1

Accepted Answer

A. 0.3; 0.15

Question 11

The effects of epinephrine are typically observed within _________ following administration. Select one: A. 1 hour B. 30 seconds C. 30 minutes D. 1 minute

Accepted Answer

D. 1 minute

Question 12

The goal of invaders such as bacteria and viruses is to __________. Select one: A. cause an immune response B. spread disease and destruction C. use a human body as a home D. kill their human host

Accepted Answer

C. use a human body as a home

Question 13

The stinger from a honeybee should be: Select one: A. left in place and covered. B. scraped away from the skin. C. irrigated with copious amounts of water. D. squeezed with tweezers and removed.

Accepted Answer

B. scraped away from the skin.

Question 14

Urticaria is the medical term for: Select one: A. swelling. B. hives. C. a wheal. D. burning.

Accepted Answer

B. hives.

Question 15

When a foreign substance invades the body, the body will __________. Select one: A. protect itself B. go on alert C. attempt to inactivate the foreign substance D. All of these answers are correct.

Accepted Answer

D. All of these answers are correct.

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Chapter 21 - Allergy and Anaphylaxis Flashcards

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