Empire booklet 1: loss of american colonies

Question 1

background info

Answer 1

Philadelphia biggest city with 24000

European colonists: scots, Irish, germans, dutch, swedes, jews

Question 2

Background govt

Answer 2

British crown with parliament, pas laws and tax colonists

Royal governor, appointed by the crown

colonial assembly, elected by eligible colonists, makes laws

Governors, stay in office for five years. veto acts

Colonial legislatures, upper house and lower house

Question 3

navigation acts

Answer 3

1651
fishing rights by Britain
limit imports to give British manufactures and merchants an advantage

Question 4

Mercantile system

Answer 4

economic policy 
equated wealth with power
promote exports and discouraging imports, used tariffs
1750 Iron Act
1732 Hat Act

Question 5

Stamp Act 1765

Answer 5

imposed taxes onto almost all written materials such as newspapers, licences, playing cards.

Question 6

Enlightenment

Answer 6

Challenging traditional values
Dare to know
Freedom, equality, your right

Question 7

Townshend Duties

Answer 7

1767
Britain gained power by taxing colonies
£40000 annually

Question 8

colonial assembly 1767-68

Answer 8

1`767-68
opposed british taxation
sons of liberty
no taxation without representation

Question 9

Boston massacre

Answer 9

1770
5 bostons killed
violent
British repealled taxes, but not on tea

Question 10

Committess of correspondence

Answer 10

growing resistance towards british control

Division of society, patriots against loyalists

Question 11

Tea Act

Answer 11

1773
East india company
Another attempt to tax the colonies illegally
Committees of correspondence urged for boycotts

Question 12

Coercive Acts

Answer 12

1774
acts allowed murder trials transfered to england
Quartering Act gave broader authority to military commanders
continental congress supported radical views

Question 13

Boston Tea Party

Answer 13

1773
60 sons of liberty sank £10000 worth of cargo
British sought punishment

Question 14

Battles of Lexington and Concord

Answer 14

April 1775
First violence
269 british killed/wounded

Question 15

Battle of Bunker Hill

Answer 15

June 1775
huge loss for british
1/3 of troops killed or injured

Question 16

Publication of common sense

Answer 16

1776
Thomas Paine
United people
called for independence

Question 17

Declaration of independence

Answer 17

1776
Angry at British for:
Depriving trial by jury
Imposing taxes
Cutting trade to all parts of world

Question 18

Saratoga

Answer 18

1777
Burgoyne defeat for british
5895 troops surrendered and imprisoned

Question 19

Yorktown

Answer 19

1781
Cornwallis defeat
Washington led 16000 french/spanish troops
Partly due to Cornwallis splitting from clinton

Question 20

Effects of independence

Answer 20

Diplomatic:
Britain retained canada, caribbean, india
Regained status quickly
offered ireland concessions

Empire:
Ireland concessions, altered Mercantile system
moved into australia

Political:
lord North resigned in 1782
George III still in power

Economic:
short term bad, £232 million in internal debt in 1783
interest of £10 million yearly
British exports doubled from 1783-1792
raised taxes to supply this
supplied 4/5 of us imports