Australia

Question 1

First Fleet

Answer 1

1788
no. approx 1420 on board
732 landed
2/3 of convicts were sentenced for minor crimes

Question 2

Second Fleet

Answer 2

1789

1/4 died during the voyage

Question 3

Macquire actions

Answer 3

Removed New South Wales Corp

Support for Emancipists, convicts who had served their terms

Proclamation against cohabiting without the benefit of clergy, religious marriage

Limited consumption of alcohol. Reduced imports of spirits, the limited public sale of alcohol, public houses closed during religious services.

Question 4

Achievements of Macquire

Answer 4

New towns:
West Sydney, such as Newcastle, Illawarra

Public works:
Army barracks, a new hospital in 1810, the road to Parramatta 1811, 265 public work by convict labour

Economic dev:
]New model for public departments, reorganisation fo Police fund, 1813 coins introduced over notes IOUs and rum, 1816 first bank

Aboriginal:
The native institution, a village at Elizabeth Bay, but overall became hostile

Question 5

The Black War

Tasmania

Answer 5

1820s

the conflict between Abs and settlers in Van Diemen’s land

Question 6

Van Diemen’s land (Tasmania) 1803

Answer 6

Why?
Tasmania was a key area for whaling. Also easier transport from Britain.

Regime:
7 levels of convict punishment
No early pardons
island divided into police districts

Question 7

Whaling, seals, sheep

Answer 7

Whaling:
260 tonnes of oil
Enderby and Champion contracts in the third fleet allowed them to whale

Sealing:
1826 almost killed off the population
13700 seals skins

Sheep:
Macarthur owned 1/4 of sheep
Wife Elizabeth helped
by 1830 exports were £2 mill

Question 8

Politics

Answer 8

Bigge report in 1819-21.

New South Wales Act 1823,
the legislative council created, members not elected
independent justice system

1828, legislative councils went form 7 to 15