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INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY > Emotion and Motivation > Flashcards

Emotion and Motivation Flashcards

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1
Q

a need, desire, or want that serves to activate or energize behavior and give it direction.

A

Motivation

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2
Q

motivations that are willful and we are aware of, thus, we can provide rationale and explanation.

A

Conscious motivation

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3
Q

motivations that we are not aware of

A

Unconscious motivation

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4
Q

a person may manifest negative behavior caused by himself.

A

Internal Locus of Control

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5
Q

The negative behavior to the poor living environment or due to
alcoholism or drug addiction of the parent.

A

External Locus of Control

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6
Q

There is an innate biological force causing an organism to act in a certain way.

A

Instinct theory

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7
Q

organisms attempt to maintain homeostasis by constantly adjusting themselves to the demands of the environment

A

Homeostatic theory

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8
Q

the balance of physical state or equilibrium

A

homeostasis

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9
Q

one resulting from biological needs, known as the innate drive

A

Primary drives

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10
Q

drives that result from operant conditioning and the association with primary reinforcements.

A

Secondary drives

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11
Q

states organisms seek to maintain an optimal level varies from organism to organism.

A

Arousal Theory

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12
Q

people and animals are likely to be activated because they have the tendency to pull toward a specific goal.

A

Incentive Theory

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13
Q

needs are prioritized from physiological to biological, social, and to spiritual.

A

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

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14
Q

needs for food, water, oxygen, and rest; also sexual expression and release from tension

A

Biological needs

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15
Q

need for security, comfort, and tranquility; freedom from fear.

A

Safety needs

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16
Q

need to belong, affiliate; love, and be loved.

A

Attachment

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17
Q

need for confidence in one’s abilities, sense of worth, competence, self-esteem; respect for others

A

Esteem

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18
Q

need for knowledge and understanding, for novelty

A

Cognition

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19
Q

need for order and beauty.

A

Aesthetic

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20
Q

need to develop and fulfill one’s potential; to have meaningful goals

A

Self-Actualization

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21
Q

need for spirituality

A

Transcendence

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22
Q

the sexual or libidinal and aggressive wishes are the primary motivating forces in human life.

A

Freudian Concept of Motivation

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23
Q

self-generated factors such as responsibility, freedom to act, scope to use and develop skills and abilities, etc.

A

Intrisinc

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24
Q

motivations coming from the people around the individual.

A

Extrinsic

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25
Q

This is based on the belief that all behaviors are motivated by unsatisfied needs.

A

Needs Theory

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26
Q

It is the expansion of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. He categorized the needs for Existence , Relatedness , and Growth.

A

Alderfer’s ERG Theory

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27
Q

it is based on Henry Murray’s theory of personality. The 3 most important needs are achievement, affiliation and power

A

McClelland’s Needs

28
Q

need for competitive success measured against a personal standard of excellence.

A

Achievement

29
Q

need for warm, friendly relationships with others.

A

Affiliation

30
Q

need to control and influence others.

A

Power

31
Q

States the function of motivators and hygiene factors.

A

Herzberg’s Two-factor Model

32
Q

factors that really motivate people

A

Motivators

33
Q

factors are dissatisfiers

A

Hygiene

34
Q

Explained why individuals choose to follow certain courses of action in organizations, particularly in decision-making and leadership.

A

Expectancy Theory

35
Q

This theory could be explained through the identification of the following dichotomies: Mastery/Performance, Described as individual’s desire to become proficient in a certain topic to the best of his/her ability

A

Goal Theory

36
Q

Pertains to the perception of people about how they are being treated as compared with others. This involves feelings and perceptions as a comparative process

A

Adam’s Equity Theory

37
Q

fairness people feel they are rewarded.

A

Distributive

38
Q

perception of employees about fairness of company procedures.

A

Procedural

39
Q

Behavior is learned from conditioning through operations and learning takes place mainly through reinforcements.

A

Behavioral Theory by Burrhus Skinner

40
Q

Gives significance of reinforcement as a determinant of future behavior, importance of psychological factors.

A

Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory.

41
Q

an explanation of performance after we have invested considerable effort and motivation in a task:

A

Attribution theory

42
Q

Essential for the survival of man for its existence.

A

Physiological Motives

43
Q

Essential for man to function appropriately as a human being.

A

Physcological Motives

44
Q

Enhance the individual’s self-concept.

A

Ego-Integrative Motives

45
Q

privileges and praises

A

Incentives motivate learning

46
Q

allies and peer groups with same interests; strong motivators

A

affiliation and approval

47
Q

a distinct feeling or quality of consciousness, such as joy or sadness.

A

Emotion

48
Q

Is a feeling that is private and subjective.

A

Human Emotion

49
Q

creates emotion

A

the mind

50
Q

determines what people feel about

A

Culture

51
Q

shows primary and secondary emotions

A

the body

52
Q

refers to the theory that emotional feelings follow bodily arousal.

A

James-Lange Theory

53
Q

the theory that proposed that emotional feelings and bodily arousal is both organized by the brain

A

Cannon-Bard Theory

54
Q

The theory assumes that when an individual is aroused; he has a need to interpret his feelings.

A

Schachter’s Cognitive Theory of Emotion

55
Q

it is a strong feeling of displeasure which usually goes with antagonism

A

Anger

56
Q

this is an unpleasant and often strong emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of danger

A

Fear

57
Q

affected with or expressive of grief and unhappiness

A

Sadness

58
Q

the passion or emotion excited by acquisition and expectation of something pleasurable or good

A

Joy

59
Q

marked aversion aroused by something highly distasteful

A

Disgust

60
Q

inquisitive Interest in other’s concerns which usually leads to inquiry

A

Curiosity/Interest

61
Q

taking of unawareness

A

Suprise

62
Q

agreeing either expressly or by conduct to the act

A

Acceptance

63
Q

Combination of primary emotions to yield more complex emotion in different situation

A

Mixed Emotions

64
Q

can help increase your health; improve one’s self concept

A

Positive attitude

65
Q

used in order to communicate and influence others; organize and motivate action; can be self validating

A

Emotions

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY (5 decks)

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